NCLEX-PN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is found to have colon cancer. An abdominoperineal resection and colostomy are scheduled. Neomycin is ordered. The nurse explains to the client that the primary purpose for administering this drug is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neomycin, a poorly absorbed antibiotic, reduces bacterial content in the colon to prevent postoperative infections like peritonitis.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to care for the client diagnosed with hepatitis A. Which interventions should the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Clients with viral hepatitis should avoid all alcohol and all medications containing acetaminophen, not just limit their use. B. Clients should eat small, frequent meals with a high-carbohydrate, moderate-fat, and moderate-protein content. C. It is not necessary to wear a mask when caring for an individual with hepatitis A. A gown and gloves should be worn when in contact with blood and body fluids. D. Rest is an essential intervention to decrease the liver’s metabolic demands and increase its blood supply. Rest should be alternated with periods of activity to prevent complications and to restore health.
Question 3 of 5
The client at the eating disorder clinic weighs 35 kg and is 5 ft 7 inches tall. Which would the nurse document as the Body Mass Index (BMI)?
Correct Answer: 11.5
Rationale: BMI = weight (kg) / height (m)^2. Height = 5'7 = 1.73 m. BMI = 35 / (1.73)^2 = 35 / 2.9929 ≈ 11.5.
Question 4 of 5
After Billroth II surgery (gastrojejunostomy), the client experiences weakness, diaphoresis, anxiety, and palpitations 2 hours after a high-carbohydrate meal. The nurse should interpret that these symptoms indicate the development of which problem?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Although steatorrhea may occur after gastric resection, the symptoms of steatorrhea include fatty stools with a foul odor, not these symptoms. B. The symptoms of duodenal reflux are abdominal pain and vomiting, not these symptoms. Duodenal reflux is not associated with food intake. C. Symptoms of fluid overload would include increased BP, edema, and weight gain, not these symptoms. D. When eating large amounts of carbohydrates at a meal, the rapid glucose absorption from the chime results in hyperglycemia. This elevated glucose stimulates insulin production, which then causes an abrupt lowering of the blood glucose level. Hypoglycemic symptoms of weakness, diaphoresis, anxiety, and palpitations occur.
Question 5 of 5
The female client is more than 10% over ideal body weight. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Determining eating patterns identifies triggers and habits, guiding weight loss interventions. Asking why is confrontational, gym referral is premature, and goal-setting follows assessment.