NCLEX-RN
Medical Surgical NCLEX RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client has undergone a cystectomy and an ileal conduit diversion. What should the nurse incorporate into the discharge instructions? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: An adequate fluid intake aids in the prevention of urinary calculi and infection. Odor-producing foods should be avoided as they can affect the client's lifestyle and relationships. Minimizing activities can lead to urinary stasis, promoting infection. Alkaline urine may increase infection risk, and snug clothing is not recommended as it may irritate the stoma.
Question 2 of 5
A client has been prescribed allopurinol (Zyloprim) for renal calculi that are caused by high uric acid levels. Which of the following indicate the client is experiencing adverse effect(s) of this drug? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Nausea, rash, and bone marrow depression are known adverse effects of allopurinol, indicating potential toxicity or allergic reactions.
Question 3 of 5
Thirty people are injured in a train derailment. Ineffective and the transported to the hospital first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A sucking chest wound is a life-threatening condition that can impair breathing and requires immediate intervention, prioritizing this patient for transport over others with less urgent injuries.
Question 4 of 5
A client with colon cancer undergoes surgical removal of a segment of colon and creation of a sigmoid colostomy. What assessments by the nurse indicate the client is developing complications within the first 24 hours? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: A dusky stoma (
B) indicates poor blood supply, no drainage (
C) suggests obstruction or dysfunction, and fever (
D) may indicate infection, all of which are complications post-colostomy. Coarse breath sounds (
A) and decreased bowel sounds (E) are not necessarily indicative of immediate complications.
Question 5 of 5
A client has undergone a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy does not involve a bile bag, so option A is incorrect. Patients should monitor for signs of complications, such as bile-colored drainage, which could indicate a bile leak, making option B correct. Resuming normal activities immediately (
C) is unsafe due to recovery needs, and avoiding pain medications (
D) is unnecessary as pain management is often required.