NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client has just returned from the postanesthesia care unit after undergoing a laryngectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed 30–40 degrees reduces swelling and maintains airway patency post-laryngectomy. Esophageal speech training is premature immediately post-surgery. Feedings are typically delayed until swallowing is safe. Drainage tubes are not routinely irrigated.
Question 2 of 5
A client is receiving streptomycin for the treatment of tuberculosis. The nurse should assess the client for eighth cranial nerve damage by observing the client for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Streptomycin can damage the eighth cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear), causing vertigo or hearing loss. Facial paralysis, impaired vision, and difficulty swallowing are associated with other cranial nerves.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing follow-up care to a client with tuberculosis who does not regularly take his medication. Which nursing action would be most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Having a spouse supervise medication administration ensures adherence, critical for tuberculosis treatment. Weekly visits are insufficient. Changing prescriptions doesn't address noncompliance. Fear-based reminders are less effective than direct support.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following diets would be most appropriate in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A high-calorie, high-protein diet supports nutritional needs in COPD, where energy expenditure is high and appetite may be low. Other diets are less specific to COPD requirements.
Question 5 of 5
After a thoracotomy, the nurse instructs the client to perform deep-breathing exercises. Which of the following is an expected outcome of these exercises?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Deep breathing expands alveoli, increasing lung surface for ventilation and preventing atelectasis post-thoracotomy. It does not elevate the diaphragm, increase blood flow, or control airflow to prevent hyperinflation.