NCLEX-RN
Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX RN Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client has a prescription for ketoconazole. Which instruction should the nurse teach the client to follow while taking this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client should be taught that ketoconazole is an antifungal medication. The client should avoid exposure to sunlight because the medication increases photosensitivity. The client should avoid the concurrent use of alcohol because the medication is hepatotoxic. Antacids should be avoided for 2 hours after it is taken because gastric acid is needed to activate the medication. This medication should be taken with food or milk.
Question 2 of 5
The clinic nurse instructs a client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus about preventing diabetic ketoacidosis on days when the client is feeling ill. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetic ketoacidosis is a life-threatening complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus that develops when a severe insulin deficiency occurs. The client needs to be instructed to continue taking insulin, even if vomiting and unable to eat, to prevent ketoacidosis. It is important to self-monitor blood glucose more frequently during illness (every 2 to 4 hours). If the premeal blood glucose is more than 250 mg/dL, the client should test for urine ketones and contact the primary health care provider. Calling the doctor if ill for more than 24 hours, consuming 10 to 15 g of carbohydrates every 1 to 2 hours, and drinking small quantities of fluid every 15 to 30 minutes are accurate interventions to maintain hydration and glucose control during illness.
Question 3 of 5
Mrs. G is seen for follow-up after testing for chronically high blood glucose levels. Her physician diagnoses her with type 1 diabetes. Which of the following information is part of this client's education about this condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks and destroys the beta cells in the pancreas, leading to a lack of insulin production. Insulin is essential for regulating blood glucose levels and enabling cells to use glucose for energy. Understanding that type 1 diabetes results from the destruction of beta cells helps patients comprehend the need for insulin replacement therapy.
Choices A and B are incorrect as type 1 diabetes is not primarily caused by diet or exercise habits.
Choice D is incorrect because type 1 diabetes is not about the body's cells rejecting insulin but rather the lack of insulin production due to beta cell destruction.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a 28-year-old male client about testicular cancer. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the nurse's teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Testicular self-examination is best post-bathing due to scrotal relaxation. Testicular cancer is common in 15-35-year-olds but highly treatable, and any lump should be reported.
Question 5 of 5
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to maintain the patency of a client's nasogastric tube?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to irrigate the tube as per physician's order. A client with a nasogastric tube is at risk of the tube kinking or clotting off, which can lead to complications such as abdominal distention or vomiting.
To ensure the patency of the tube, the nurse should follow the physician's orders and facility policy to irrigate the tube with water or a solution as needed. Maintaining a constant connection to low-intermittent suction (
Choice
A) is not typically done to maintain tube patency. Suctioning the mouth and nose every shift (
Choice
C) is not directly related to maintaining nasogastric tube patency. Performing a daily fecal occult blood sample (
Choice
D) is unrelated to maintaining the patency of a nasogastric tube.