NCLEX-PN
Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client has a 10 % dextrose in water IV solution running. He is scheduled to receive his antiepileptic drug, phenytoin (Dilantin), at this time. The nurse knows that the phenytoin:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenytoin and dextrose will precipitate. Normal saline is used to flush before and after phenytoin administration. The administration of an antiepileptic drug cannot be delayed to maintain a therapeutic blood level.
Question 2 of 5
At what age are yearly mammograms recommended to start?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The American Cancer Society recommends yearly mammograms starting at age 40 and continuing for as long as a woman is in good health. Clinical breast examination should be done about every 3 years for women in their 20s and 30s and every year for women age 40 and older. Women should know how their breasts normally look and feel and report any breast change promptly to the healthcare provider. Breast self-examination should be done monthly starting when a woman is in her 20s.
Choice A is incorrect as mammograms are not recommended to start at age 25.
Choice C is incorrect as yearly mammograms are still recommended even without a family history of breast cancer.
Choice D is incorrect as the recommended age for starting yearly mammograms is 40, not 20.
Question 3 of 5
A woman who delivered a healthy newborn 6 hours earlier complains of discomfort at the episiotomy site. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Applying an ice pack to the perineum is the most appropriate action in this scenario. Ice causes vasoconstriction, providing relief by numbing the area and preventing edema. It is typically used within the first 12 to 24 hours after birth. Assisting the woman in taking a warm sitz bath is more suitable after 24 hours as warm water can be soothing. Administering an IV opioid analgesic is excessive; an anesthetic spray is more appropriate for surface discomfort. Contacting the registered nurse is unnecessary as applying an ice pack is within the nurse's scope and can effectively address the discomfort without escalation.
Question 4 of 5
The intravenous route is potentially the most dangerous route of drug administration because:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The bioavailability of the injected medication is 100% and might lead to toxicity. An IV infiltration can cause serious problems with tissue necrosis, but this is not life threatening. Expensive and time consuming do not equate with dangerous. Not all clients experience more side effects with IV administration.
Question 5 of 5
Distribution of a drug to various tissues is dependent on the amount of cardiac output to each type of tissue. Which tissue would receive the highest amount of cardiac output and thus the highest amount of a drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Highly perfused tissue includes all vital organs: the brain, heart, kidneys, adrenal glands, and liver.
Choices 1, 2, and 3 are incorrect because the skin and adipose tissue are poorly perfused, while the skeletal muscle is better perfused.