NCLEX PN 2023 Quizlet - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The best initial response in this situation is to acknowledge the mother's concern, express uncertainty, and offer to obtain more information from the physician. By saying, "I'm not sure, but I'll call the physician to discuss this with you promptly,"? the nurse demonstrates empathy, honesty, and a commitment to providing accurate information. Offering vague reassurance (
Choice
A) may raise false hopes as outcomes for spinal cord injuries are unpredictable. While maintaining a calm demeanor (
Choice
B) is important, it does not directly address the mother's immediate need for information. Discouraging the mother from feeling upset (
Choice
D) is dismissive of her emotions and does not address her question, which is seeking information about her son's prognosis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: It is crucial for the client to understand that consuming alcohol while on isoniazid can increase the risk of drug-induced hepatitis. Hepatic damage can lead to dark, concentrated urine.
To minimize gastrointestinal upset, it is recommended to take isoniazid with meals rather than on an empty stomach. Additionally, the client should avoid taking aluminum-containing antacids like aluminum hydroxide with isoniazid, as it can reduce the drug's effectiveness.
Choice A is incorrect because isoniazid should not be taken on an empty stomach to help reduce GI upset.
Choice B is incorrect, as prolonged use of isoniazid does not typically cause dark, concentrated urine.
Choice C is incorrect as taking aluminum hydroxide with isoniazid does not enhance the drug's effects; in fact, it may decrease its effectiveness.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A contusion is a soft tissue injury caused by blunt force. It is an injury that does not break the skin, caused by a blow, and characterized by swelling, discoloration, and pain. The immediate application of cold might limit the development of a contusion. A strain is a muscle pull from overuse, overstretching, or excessive stress. A sprain is caused by a wrenching or twisting motion. A dislocation is a condition where the articular surfaces of the bones forming a joint are no longer in anatomical contact.
Therefore, the correct answer is 'contusion' as it specifically relates to soft tissue injury caused by blunt force.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'the regulation of the pH of the extracellular fluid.' The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining normal fluid balance by regulating extracellular fluid and osmolarity through selective retention and excretion of fluids. Additionally, they regulate the pH of the extracellular fluid by retaining hydrogen ions and excreting metabolic wastes and toxic substances.
Choice A is incorrect because antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is manufactured by the pituitary gland, not the kidneys.
Choice B is incorrect as the regulation of calcium and phosphate balance is primarily controlled by the parathyroid gland.
Choice D is incorrect as aldosterone levels are controlled by the adrenal glands, not the kidneys.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a client receiving warfarin therapy with a high INR of 4.0, the nurse's first priority is to administer a vitamin K injection intramuscularly (IM) and notify the physician of the results. An INR of 4.0 indicates excessive anticoagulation, putting the client at risk of bleeding. Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin overdose and helps to reverse its effects. It is crucial to administer vitamin K promptly to prevent bleeding complications. Calling the physician to request an increase in the Coumadin® dose is inappropriate and dangerous in this situation, as it would further raise the INR. Assessing the client for bleeding and notifying the physician is important but not the first priority when faced with a critically high INR. Holding the daily dose of Coumadin® may be necessary after administering vitamin K, but it is not the primary action needed to address the acute high INR level.