NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Questions on Safety and Infection Control Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver and ascites is receiving spironolactone (Aldactone). The nurse understands that this medication spares elimination of which element?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Potassium. If ascites is present in the client with cirrhosis of the liver, potassium-sparing diuretics such as Aldactone should be administered because it inhibits the action of aldosterone on the kidneys.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse checks a client who is on a volume-cycled ventilator. Which finding indicates that the client may need suctioning?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Restlessness. Restlessness, increased heart and respiratory rates, and noisy expiration suggest hypoxia and are indications for suctioning.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is to administer cefazolin sodium 1 g in 100 mL 0.9% NaCl over 30 minutes. At what rate in mL/hour should the nurse plan to set the infusion pump?
Correct Answer: 200
Rationale: 100 mL/ 0.5 hours = 200 mL/hour.
Question 4 of 5
An 86 year-old nursing home resident who has impaired mental status is hospitalized with pneumonic infiltrates in the right lower lobe. When the nurse assists the client with a clear liquid diet, the client begins to cough. What should the nurse do next?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Check the client's gag reflex. When a new problem emerges, the nurse should perform appropriate assessment so that suitable nursing interventions can be planned. Aspiration pneumonia follows aspiration of material from the mouth into the trachea and finally the lung. A loss or an impairment of the protective cough reflex can result in aspiration.
Question 5 of 5
A college student is hospitalized with meningococcal meningitis after being seen in the campus clinic. What is the nurse's responsibility to the campus community regarding this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: C: Identifying close contacts allows targeted prophylaxis, preventing spread. A: Quarantine is excessive. B: Sharing names violates privacy. D: Prophylaxis is only for close contacts.