Hematologic Disorders NCLEX Questions

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A child who is being treated for leukemia develops stomatitis. Which of the following nursing care measures is essential?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Swabbing the mouth with moistened cotton swabs gently cleans the mouth without irritating stomatitis. Flossing or astringent mouthwash may worsen irritation, and an overbed cradle is unrelated.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is caring for the client who had a left modified radical mastectomy (a total mastectomy with axillary node dissection and removal of the lining over the pectoralis major muscle). Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

A. Have the client elevate the left arm above the head B. Ensure that IV access sites are only on the right side C. Have the client view the incision site as soon as possible D. Initiate left arm strengthening within 24 hours of surgery

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A. The arm on the operative side should be elevated on a pillow, but not above the head. B. All IV access sites should be located on the nonoperative side to prevent circulatory impairment. C. Having the client look at the incision should be at the client’s readiness, not as soon as possible. D. Only ROM to the lower arm should be carried out for the first few days after surgery, with exercises and ROM to the shoulder after the drains are removed.

Question 3 of 5

Which client should be assigned to the experienced medical-surgical nurse who is in the first week of orientation to the oncology floor?

A. The client diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma who is having daily radiation treatments. B. The client diagnosed with Hodgkin’s disease who is receiving combination chemotherapy. C. The client diagnosed with leukemia who has petechiae covering both anterior and posterior body surfaces. D. The client diagnosed with diffuse histolytic lymphoma who is to receive two (2) units of packed red blood cells.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Leukemia with extensive petechiae (
C) indicates severe thrombocytopenia, requiring experienced assessment for bleeding. Radiation (
A), chemotherapy (
B), and transfusions (
D) are less complex.

Question 4 of 5

The laboratory results for a male client diagnosed with leukemia include RBC count 2.1 x 106/mm3, WBC count 150 x 103/mm3, platelets 22 x 103/mm3, K+ 3.8 mEq/L, and Na+ 139 mEq/L. Based on these results, which intervention should the nurse teach the client?

A. Encourage the client to eat foods high in iron. B. Instruct the client to use an electric razor when shaving. C. Discuss the importance of limiting sodium in the diet. D. Instruct the family to limit visits to once a week.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Low platelets (22,000) increase bleeding risk; an electric razor (
B) prevents cuts. Iron (
A) is for anemia, sodium (
C) is normal (139), and limiting visits (
D) is excessive.

Question 5 of 5

Ferrous sulfate is prescribed for a client. She returns to the clinic in two weeks. Which assessment by the nurse indicates that she has NOT been taking iron as ordered?

A. The client's cheeks are flushed. B. The client reports having more energy. C. The client complains of nausea. D. The client's stools are light brown.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Iron turns stool black. Light brown stools indicate the client has not been taking iron as prescribed. Flushed cheeks, increased energy, and nausea can be associated with iron therapy compliance.

Hematologic Disorders NCLEX Questions | Nurselytic

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