NCLEX-RN
Medical Surgical NCLEX RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 58-year-old female with a family history of CAD is being seen for the annual physical examination. Fasting lab test results include: Total cholesterol 198; LDL cholesterol 120; HDL cholesterol 58; Triglycerides 148; Blood sugar 102; and C-reactive protein (CRP) 4.2. The health care provider informs the client that she will be started on a statin medication and aspirin. The client asks the nurse why she needs to take these medications. Which is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated CRP (4.2) indicates inflammation associated with cardiovascular risk. Statins and aspirin reduce inflammation and prevent cardiovascular events, addressing the client's risk profile.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse teaches the client with an ileal conduit measures to prevent a urinary loss. Which of the following measures would be most effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maintaining high fluid intake (2,000-3,000 mL) prevents urinary stasis and infection, the most effective measure for reducing urinary loss risk.
Question 3 of 5
Post-cystectomy, a client asks about the purpose of the ileal conduit. The nurse explains it is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An ileal conduit diverts urine from the ureters to a stoma, collected in an external pouch.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse should assess the client with bladder cancer for which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Painless hematuria is a hallmark symptom of bladder cancer, often presenting as the initial sign due to tumor growth causing bleeding without associated pain.
Question 5 of 5
The client has a sustained increased intracranial pressure (ICP) of 20 mm Hg. Which client position would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed 30 to 45 degrees promotes venous drainage from the brain, reducing ICP. Trendelenburg's position increases ICP by impeding venous return, Sims position is unrelated to ICP management, and pillows may not ensure consistent elevation or neutral neck alignment.