NCLEX-RN
Med Surg RN NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 56-year-old female with lung cancer is undergoing a thoracentesis. Which of the following outcomes of the procedure are expected? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Thoracentesis diagnoses underlying disease (
B), palliates symptoms like dyspnea (
C), and relieves acute respiratory distress (
D). It does not treat recurrent effusions or remove cancer cells.
Question 2 of 5
During the previous few months, a 56-year-old woman felt brief twinges of chest pain while working in her garden and has had frequent episodes of indigestion. She comes to the hospital after experiencing severe anterior chest pain while raking leaves. Her evaluation confirms a diagnosis of stable angina pectoris. After stabilization and treatment, the client is discharged from the hospital. At her follow-up appointment, she is discouraged because she is experiencing pain with increasing frequency. She states that she visits an invalid friend twice a week and now cannot walk up the second flight of steps to the friend's apartment without pain. Which of the following measures that the nurse could suggest would most likely help the client prevent this problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking sublingual nitroglycerin before exertion (e.g., climbing stairs) prevents angina by dilating coronary arteries, increasing myocardial oxygen supply.
Question 3 of 5
A client returned home from an overseas tour of duty and tells the nurse he is always tired. He has a temperature of 99.5°F (37.5°C). His skin is dark bronze, and his urine has a dark color. His hemoglobin level is 9 g/dL; his hematocrit is 49, and red blood cells are 2.75 million/µL. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client's symptoms (fatigue, bronze skin, dark urine, low hemoglobin, and RBC count) suggest hemolytic anemia, possibly due to an infectious or toxic exposure overseas. Placing the client on bed rest is the priority to reduce oxygen demand and prevent further hemolysis while diagnostic evaluation proceeds. Intake/output monitoring, isolation, and sunlight avoidance are not immediate priorities.
Question 4 of 5
The client with a laryngectomy communicates to the nurse that he does not want his family to see him. He indicates that he thinks the opening in his throat is disgusting. Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Disturbed body image related to neck surgery addresses the client's negative feelings about the stoma's appearance. Deficient knowledge is less relevant here. Disturbed personal identity is broader. Hopelessness implies a deeper psychological state not fully supported by the description.
Question 5 of 5
A 68-year-old male has been receiving monthly doses of chemotherapy for treatment of stage III colon cancer. He comes to the clinic for his fourth monthly dose. Which laboratory result(s) should be reported to the oncologist before the next dose of chemotherapy is administered? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Low platelet count (
B), low white blood cell count (
D), and fever (E) indicate thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and possible infection, respectively, which are contraindications for chemotherapy due to increased risk of bleeding and infection.