NCLEX Respiratory Questions

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A 55-year old male patient is admitted with an active tuberculosis infection. The nurse will place the patient in precautions and will always wear when providing patient care?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A patient with ACTIVE TB is contagious. The bacterium, mycobacterium tuberculosis which causes TB, is so small that it can stay suspended in the air for hours to days.
Therefore, the nurse will place the patient in AIRBORNE precautions. In addition, a special mask must be worn called a respirator (as referred to as an N95 mask.....a surgical mask does NOT work with this condition).

Question 2 of 5

Which nursing observation provides the best evidence that postural drainage is effective?

A. The client's respiratory rate is increased. B. The client's heart rate is much improved. C. The client's sputum culture is negative. D. The client raises a large volume of sputum.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Raising a large volume of sputum indicates that postural drainage is effectively clearing secretions from the airways.

Question 3 of 5

Your patient is diagnosed with a latent tuberculosis infection. Select all the correct statements that reflect this condition:

A. "The patient will not need treatment unless it progresses to an active tuberculosis infection." B. "The patient is not contagious and will have no signs and symptoms." C. "The patient will have a positive tuberculin skin test or IGRA test." D. "The patient will have an abnormal chest x-ray." E. "The patient's sputum will test positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis."

Correct Answer: B,C

Rationale: The patient WILL need medical treatment to prevent this case of LBTI from developing into an active TB infection later on. The patient will NOT have an abnormal chest x-ray or a positive sputum test. This is only in active TB.

Question 4 of 5

Based on Virchow's Triad, select which patients below are at RISK for the development of a deep vein thrombosis? Select all that apply:

A. A 55-year-old male with hyperlipidemia and diabetes. B. A 70-year-old female with severe sepsis. C. A 25-year-old male who uses intravenous drugs. D. A 65-year-old female who is post-op day 1 after joint replacement surgery.

Correct Answer: B,C,D

Rationale: Virchow's Triad details the THREE factors for blood clot formation within the vessel. Remember 'SHE': Stasis of Venous Blood, Hypercoagulability (means excessive coagulability), Endothelial damage. Patients who experience sepsis are at risk for hypercoagulability of the blood. Patients who use IV drugs damage the endothelial lining of the veins and this can lead to blood clot formation. Patients who've had joint replacement surgery are at risk for blood clots due to stasis of venous circulation etc.

Question 5 of 5

Which statement best suggests that the client understands the nurse's instruction on how to handle the sputum specimen container?

A. I should wipe the container with an alcohol swab. B. I must not touch the inside of the container. C. I cannot put the lid on the container until the container is fairly full.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Not touching the inside of the container prevents contamination, ensuring an accurate sputum sample.

NCLEX Respiratory Questions | Nurselytic

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