NCLEX-PN
Quizlet NCLEX PN 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 55-year-old female asks a nurse the following, “Which mineral/vitamin is the most important to prevent the progression of osteoporosis?†The nurse should state:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Calcium. Calcium is essential for maintaining bone health and is crucial in preventing osteoporosis. Adequate calcium intake, along with vitamin D, is vital for bone strength. While other minerals and vitamins are also important for overall health, in the context of preventing osteoporosis, calcium plays a primary role. Potassium (
Choice
A), Magnesium (
Choice
B), and Vitamin B12 (
Choice
D) are important for various bodily functions but are not as directly linked to preventing osteoporosis as calcium.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse reviewed the arterial blood gas reading of a 25-year-old male. The nurse should be able to conclude the patient is experiencing which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is respiratory alkalosis. In respiratory alkalosis, there is an elevated pH and low carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2 < 35 mmHg). In the given arterial blood gas reading, the patient's pH is 7.41 (within normal range), PaCO2 is 29 mmHg (below normal range), indicating respiratory alkalosis. The bicarbonate level is normal (25 mEq/l), ruling out metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. The low PaO2 (54 mmHg) may indicate hypoxemia, but it is not directly related to the acid-base disorder being assessed. Metabolic acidosis (choice
A) is characterized by low pH and low bicarbonate levels, which are not present in this case. Respiratory acidosis (choice
B) is indicated by low pH and high PaCO2 levels, which also do not match the provided data. Metabolic alkalosis (choice
C) is defined by high pH and high bicarbonate levels, which are not seen in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A 28-year-old male has a diagnosis of AIDS. The patient has had a two-year history of AIDS. The most likely cognitive deficits include which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In individuals with AIDS, cognitive deficits commonly manifest as confusion and disorientation, making choice A, 'Disorientation,' the correct answer. Sensory changes (choice
B) and hearing deficits (choice
D) are more related to sensory processing rather than cognitive impairment. 'Inability to produce sound' (choice
C) is more indicative of a speech or language deficit rather than a cognitive impairment typically seen in AIDS patients.
Question 4 of 5
A healthcare professional is screening patients for immunizations. Which of the following is not a contraindication for immunization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Illness lasting more than 6 months.' Chronic conditions lasting more than 6 months are not considered a contraindication for immunization.
Choice A, 'Seizures,' can be a contraindication in certain situations, especially if linked to a specific vaccine component.
Choice B, 'Fever lasting more than 3 days,' can be a temporary precaution but not a general contraindication.
Choice C, 'Malignancy within the past 3 months,' is a contraindication due to the compromised immune system in cancer patients.
Question 5 of 5
During a petit mal seizure in the clinic, what should be the highest priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During a petit mal seizure, the highest priority is to provide a safe environment free of obstructions in the immediate area. This action aims to prevent injuries to the patient during the seizure. While calling a code or contacting the patient's physician may be necessary at some point, immediate safety measures take precedence. Preventing excessive movement of the extremities is relevant but ensuring a safe environment is crucial to avoid harm during the seizure.