Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A 40-year-old female is losing most of her hair as a result of chemotherapy. Which of the following statements best explains chemotherapy-induced alopecia?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Chemotherapy-induced alopecia is temporary, with hair typically regrowing within months after treatment ends, which is a reassuring and accurate explanation.

Question 2 of 5

A client with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus was admitted with a severe viral respiratory tract infection and diffuse petechiae. Based on these data, it is most important that the nurse further evaluate the client's recent:

A. Quality and quantity of food intake. B. Type and amount of fluid intake. C. Weakness, fatigue, and ability to get around. D. Length and amount of menstrual flow.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause thrombocytopenia, and diffuse petechiae suggest a low platelet count. Heavy menstrual bleeding is a common manifestation of thrombocytopenia in women and should be evaluated to assess the extent of bleeding and guide treatment. Food, fluid intake, and fatigue are less directly related to the petechiae.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with tuberculosis how to avoid spreading the disease to family members. Which statement(s) by the client indicate(s) that he has understood the nurse's instructions? Select all that apply.

A. I will need to dispose of my old clothing when I return home. B. I should always cover my mouth and nose when sneezing. C. I'll be important that I isolate myself from family when possible. D. I should use paper tissues to cough in and dispose of them promptly. E. I can use regular plates and utensils whenever I eat.

Correct Answer: B,D,E

Rationale: Covering the mouth when sneezing (
B), using tissues for coughing and disposing of them (
D), and using regular utensils (E) prevent tuberculosis spread. Disposing of clothing is unnecessary. Isolation is only needed until the client is non-infectious (after 2–3 weeks of treatment).

Question 4 of 5

A 34-year-old female is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following? Select all that apply.

A. Rapid pulse. B. Decreased energy and fatigue. C. Weight gain of 10 lb. D. Fine, thin hair with hair loss. E. Constipation. F. Menorrhagia.

Correct Answer: B,C,D,E,F

Rationale: Hypothyroidism slows metabolism, leading to decreased energy, fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, constipation, and heavy menstrual periods (menorrhagia). Rapid pulse is associated with hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism.

Question 5 of 5

The client is receiving an I.V. infusion of 5% dextrose in normal saline running at 125 mL/hour. When hanging a new bag of fluid, the nurse notes swelling and hardness at the infusion site. The nurse should first:

A. Discontinue the infusion. B. Apply a warm soak to the site. C. Stop the flow of solution temporarily. D. Irrigate the needle with normal saline.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Swelling and hardness indicate infiltration, requiring immediate discontinuation of the infusion to prevent tissue damage.