NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Pharmacology Cheat Sheet Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 2-year-old child who weighs 33 pounds is to receive a total daily dose of 25 mg/kg of a medication. It is to be administered in three evenly divided doses. The label reads 150 mg/mL. How many milliliters will be injected per dose?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: First, convert 33 pounds to kilograms: 33 ÷ 2.2 = 15 kg.
Then, calculate daily dose: 15 × 25 = 375 mg. Divide by 3 doses: 375 ÷ 3 = 125 mg/dose. Finally, calculate volume: 125 ÷ 150 = 0.83 mL.
Question 2 of 5
To which client would the nurse question administering the osmotic diuretic mannitol (Osmitrol)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Widening pulse pressure suggests increased intracranial pressure, a contraindication for mannitol due to potential brain herniation. Edema or neurological signs are indications.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing education for a client with newly diagnosed tuberculosis. Which statement should be included in the information that is given to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most important piece of information the tuberculosis client needs is to understand the importance of medication compliance, even if no longer experiencing symptoms. Clients are most infectious early in the course of therapy. The numbers of acid-fast bacilli are greatly reduced as early as 2 weeks after therapy begins.
Question 4 of 5
The client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) is receiving Lioresal (baclofen), a muscle relaxant. Which information should the nurse teach the client/family?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Baclofen requires tapering to prevent withdrawal symptoms, like seizures, per FDA warnings. Diarrhea, driving, or WBC counts are not primary concerns.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with schizophrenia who has been treated with quetiapine (Seroquel) for 1 month. Today the client is increasingly agitated and complains of muscle stiffness. Which of these findings should be reported to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated temperature and sweating. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare disorder that can occur as a side effect of antipsychotic medications. It is characterized by muscular rigidity, tachycardia, hyperthermia, sweating, altered consciousness, autonomic dysfunction, and increase in CPK. This is a life-threatening complication.