HESI LPN
Pediatrics HESI 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is inspecting the skin of a child with atopic dermatitis. What would the nurse expect to observe?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In atopic dermatitis, the nurse would expect to observe a dry, red, scaly rash with lichenification. Lichenification is thickened skin due to chronic scratching.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Erythematous papulovesicular rash is more characteristic of contact dermatitis, pustular vesicles with honey-colored exudates are seen in impetigo, and hypopigmented oval scaly lesions are typical of pityriasis alba.
Question 2 of 5
A child with a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is admitted to the hospital. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is administering pancreatic enzymes. In cystic fibrosis, there is a deficiency in pancreatic enzymes, leading to poor digestion and malabsorption of nutrients. Administering pancreatic enzymes is essential to ensure proper digestion and absorption of nutrients. Providing respiratory therapy and nutritional support are important aspects of care for a child with cystic fibrosis, but addressing the pancreatic enzyme deficiency takes priority in this scenario. Encouraging physical activity is beneficial for overall health but is not the priority intervention in this case.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a child who is to have his cast removed. What instruction would the nurse most likely include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include in the teaching plan is to advise the child to soak the area in warm water every day. Soaking the area in warm water helps to gently remove dead skin without causing irritation, facilitating the safe and comfortable removal of the cast. Applying petroleum jelly (
Choice
A) may not be necessary and could interfere with the cast removal process. Rubbing the skin vigorously (
Choice
B) can lead to skin damage and should be avoided. Washing the skin with diluted peroxide and water (
Choice
D) is not recommended as peroxide can be irritating to the skin and may not aid in cast removal.
Question 4 of 5
What treatment should the nurse suggest to an adolescent with type 1 diabetes if an insulin reaction is experienced while at a basketball game?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When an adolescent with type 1 diabetes experiences an insulin reaction, it is essential to quickly raise their blood sugar levels. Buying a soda and a hamburger to eat is the best choice in this situation as it provides a fast-acting source of sugar to counteract hypoglycemia. Calling parents immediately may cause a delay in receiving appropriate treatment. Administering insulin would further lower blood sugar levels, worsening the situation. Leaving the arena and resting would not address the immediate need to raise blood sugar levels.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant born with exstrophy of the bladder. What does the nurse determine is the greatest risk for this infant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Infection is the greatest risk for an infant with exstrophy of the bladder due to the exposure of the bladder and surrounding tissues. The exposed bladder increases the risk of infection as it lacks the protective covering of the skin. Dehydration (
Choice
B) may occur but is not the greatest risk compared to infection. Urinary retention (
Choice
C) is less likely due to the nature of the condition. Intestinal obstruction (
Choice
D) is not directly associated with exstrophy of the bladder.