HESI LPN
Pediatric HESI 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy is to receive prednisone as part of their treatment plan. After teaching the child's parents about this drug, which statement by the parents indicates the need for additional teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement should be, 'We should give this drug after he eats something.' Prednisone should be administered with food to help prevent gastrointestinal upset.
Choice B is correct as monitoring for infections is important due to prednisone's immunosuppressive effects.
Choice C is correct as prednisone should not be stopped suddenly to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
Choice D is correct as weight gain is a common side effect of prednisone.
Question 2 of 5
A child with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. What is the most important nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell anemia, the most important nursing intervention is to administer pain medication. Pain management is crucial in alleviating the intense pain experienced by the patient. Administering oxygen (
Choice
A) may be necessary in some cases to improve oxygenation, but pain relief takes precedence during a vaso-occlusive crisis. Monitoring fluid intake (
Choice
C) is important for hydration but is not the priority during a crisis. Encouraging physical activity (
Choice
D) is contraindicated during a vaso-occlusive crisis as it can exacerbate pain and tissue damage.
Question 3 of 5
What should the nurse advise the parents of a child with asthma on preventing asthma attacks?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to advise the parents to avoid exposure to allergens. Asthma attacks are commonly triggered by allergens such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, and mold. By minimizing the child's contact with these triggers, the likelihood of asthma attacks can be reduced. Encouraging regular exercise can be beneficial for overall health but may not directly prevent asthma attacks. Providing a high-protein diet and increasing fluid intake are important for general health but are not specific preventive measures for asthma attacks.
Question 4 of 5
The parents of a child with asthma ask the nurse how they can help their child prevent asthma attacks. What should the nurse advise?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to advise the parents to avoid exposure to allergens. Asthma attacks are often triggered by allergens such as dust mites, pollen, pet dander, and mold. By minimizing the child's exposure to these triggers, the likelihood of asthma attacks can be reduced. Encouraging regular exercise is beneficial for overall health but may not directly prevent asthma attacks. Providing a high-protein diet and increasing fluid intake are important for general well-being but do not specifically address asthma prevention.
Question 5 of 5
When developing the plan of care for a child with burns requiring fluid replacement therapy, what information would the nurse expect to include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. In fluid replacement therapy for burns, the majority of the volume should be administered within the first 8 hours to prevent shock and maintain perfusion.
Choice A is incorrect because crystalloids are typically administered first in fluid resuscitation for burns.
Choice B is incorrect as fluid replacement in burn patients is primarily determined by the extent of the burn injury rather than the type of burn.
Choice D is incorrect as the goal for hourly urine output in burn patients is generally higher, aiming for 1-2 mL/kg/hr in children to ensure adequate renal perfusion and prevent dehydration.