HESI LPN
Pediatric HESI 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child has undergone surgery using steel bar placement to correct pectus excavatum. What position would the nurse instruct the parents to avoid?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Side-lying. After surgery using steel bar placement to correct pectus excavatum, the nurse should instruct the parents to avoid placing the child in a side-lying position. This position should be avoided to prevent displacement of the steel bar.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Semi-Fowler, Supine, and High Fowler positions are generally safe and commonly used in postoperative care, but in this specific case, side-lying should be avoided to ensure the effectiveness of the surgical correction.
Question 2 of 5
A child with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. What is the most important nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell anemia, the most important nursing intervention is to administer pain medication. Pain management is crucial in alleviating the intense pain experienced by the patient. Administering oxygen (
Choice
A) may be necessary in some cases to improve oxygenation, but pain relief takes precedence during a vaso-occlusive crisis. Monitoring fluid intake (
Choice
C) is important for hydration but is not the priority during a crisis. Encouraging physical activity (
Choice
D) is contraindicated during a vaso-occlusive crisis as it can exacerbate pain and tissue damage.
Question 3 of 5
A child with a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is being discharged. What dietary instructions should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct dietary instruction for a child with GERD is to avoid gluten. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, and it can exacerbate GERD symptoms in some individuals. Avoiding gluten can help reduce inflammation and irritation in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby alleviating symptoms of GERD.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while spicy foods, high-fat foods, and dairy products can trigger GERD symptoms in some individuals, avoiding gluten specifically is more relevant for managing GERD.
Question 4 of 5
A child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. What is the priority need that must be included in the nursing plan of care for this child?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rest. When a child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia, the priority need in the nursing plan of care is to ensure adequate rest. Rest is crucial as it allows the child's body to fight the infection and recover.
Choice B, Exercise, would not be appropriate as the child needs rest to conserve energy and promote healing.
Choice C, Nutrition, is important for overall health but may not be the immediate priority when the child is acutely ill with pneumonia.
Choice D, Elimination, is important but is not the priority need in this scenario compared to ensuring rest to aid recovery from pneumonia.
Question 5 of 5
Which observation of the exposed abdomen is most indicative of pyloric stenosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In pyloric stenosis, a palpable olive-like mass in the abdomen is a classic finding. This mass is due to the hypertrophied pyloric muscle. Abdominal rigidity (choice
A) is associated with conditions like peritonitis, substernal retraction (choice
B) is typically seen in respiratory distress, and marked distention of the lower abdomen (choice
D) is more characteristic of conditions like intestinal obstruction rather than pyloric stenosis.