HESI LPN
HESI Fundamentals Study Guide Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthcare professional is caring for a client who has a new prescription for antihypertensive medication. Prior to administering the medication, the healthcare professional uses an electronic database to gather information about the medication and the effects it might have on this client. Which of the following components of critical thinking is the healthcare professional using when reviewing the medication information?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Knowledge. In this scenario, the healthcare professional is utilizing knowledge by gathering and applying information about the medication.
Choice B, Experience, is not the best option as the focus is on accessing information about the medication rather than personal experience.
Choice C, Intuition, refers to a gut feeling or instinct, which is not evident in the scenario.
Choice D, Competence, relates more to overall ability and proficiency rather than the specific act of seeking information.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a surgical wound. Which of the following laboratory values places the client at risk for poor wound healing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum albumin 3 g/dL. Low levels of serum albumin indicate poor nutritional status and can impair wound healing.
Total lymphocyte count, HCT, and HGB levels are not directly related to wound healing and do not pose a significant risk for poor wound healing in this context.
Total lymphocyte count reflects the immune status, HCT measures the percentage of red blood cells in blood, and HGB measures the amount of hemoglobin in blood.
Question 3 of 5
A client who is postoperative is using an incentive spirometer. Into which of the following positions should the nurse place the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct position for a postoperative client using an incentive spirometer is the Semi-Fowler's position. Placing the client in Semi-Fowler's or high-Fowler's position maximizes lung expansion and the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer. Side-lying may not provide optimal lung expansion. The supine position is not ideal for postoperative clients using incentive spirometers as it may limit lung expansion. The Trendelenburg position is not recommended due to potential complications postoperatively.
Question 4 of 5
A client has been on bed rest for several weeks. Which finding should the nurse identify as the priority during assessment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should prioritize assessing left lower extremity tenderness as it could indicate deep vein thrombosis, a serious condition that requires immediate attention. Musculoskeletal weakness, loss of appetite, and increased heart rate during physical activity are important but not as critical as a potential thrombotic event that could lead to life-threatening complications. Deep vein thrombosis is a common risk for individuals on prolonged bed rest due to reduced mobility and blood stasis.
Question 5 of 5
The LPN/LVN mixes 50 mg of Nipride in 250 ml of D5W and plans to administer the solution at a rate of 5 mcg/kg/min to a client weighing 182 pounds. Using a drip factor of 60 gtt/ml, how many drops per minute should the client receive?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To calculate the drops per minute for the client, first, convert the weight from pounds to kilograms by dividing 182 by 2.2, which equals 82.72 kg.
Then, calculate the dose in mcg/min by multiplying the weight in kg by the rate (82.72 kg * 5 mcg/kg/min = 413.6 mcg/min). Next, convert 50 mg to mcg (50 mg * 1000 = 50,000 mcg). Divide the total mcg (50,000 mcg) by the dose per minute (413.6 mcg/min) to get approximately 121 gtt/min. However, since the drip factor is 60 gtt/ml, the correct answer is 124 gtt/min, ensuring the accurate administration rate of the medication.
Therefore, choice 'D' is the correct answer.
Choices 'A', 'B', and 'C' are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the calculated drops per minute based on the given information.