HESI LPN
HESI Fundamentals Exam Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
When applying an ice bag to a client's ankle following a sports injury, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Filling the ice bag two-thirds full is the correct action as it ensures the effectiveness of the ice application while allowing some space for the ice to move and conform to the injury.
Choice B is incorrect because the ice bag should be applied with a barrier like a cloth to prevent direct contact with the skin, which can lead to ice burns.
Choice C is wrong as ice should typically be applied for 20 minutes at a time to avoid tissue damage.
Choice D is also incorrect as ice is preferred over frozen gel packs for immediate sports injury management.
Question 2 of 5
While auscultating the anterior chest of a client newly admitted to a medical-surgical unit, a nurse listens to the audio clip of breath sounds through her stethoscope. What type of breath sounds does the nurse hear?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Normal breath sounds. In the scenario described, the nurse hears normal bronchovesicular breath sounds, which are moderate in intensity and resemble blowing as air moves through the larger airways during inspiration and expiration. Crackles (choice
A) are typically heard in conditions like heart failure or pneumonia and are not present in this case. Rhonchi (choice
B) are low-pitched, continuous sounds often associated with conditions like chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis. Friction rub (choice
C) is a grating sound usually heard in conditions like pleurisy or pericarditis, which is not the case here where normal breath sounds are heard.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which instruction should the LPN/LVN reinforce to the client to help manage their condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Practicing pursed-lip breathing is an essential technique to help manage COPD as it can improve oxygenation by promoting better gas exchange. This technique helps to keep the airways open longer during exhalation, preventing air trapping and improving breathing efficiency. Increasing fluid intake can help thin secretions, which is beneficial, but it is not the primary instruction for managing COPD. Avoiding physical activity is not recommended as it can lead to deconditioning and worsen dyspnea in COPD patients. Using a peak flow meter is more commonly associated with monitoring asthma rather than COPD, so it is not the most relevant instruction for managing COPD.
Question 4 of 5
What will ensure the safe movement of a patient who is unable to move and needs to be pulled up in bed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To ensure the safe movement of a patient who is unable to move and needs to be pulled up in bed, it is essential to use a friction-reducing device. This device helps reduce the risk of injury to both the patient and the healthcare provider by minimizing the effort required to reposition the patient. Placing a pillow under the patient's head and shoulders (
Choice
A) may provide comfort but does not address the safety concerns associated with moving the patient. Attempting to move the patient alone (
Choice
B) is not recommended as it can lead to injuries for both the patient and the healthcare provider. Placing the side rails in the up position (
Choice
C) may not directly contribute to the safe movement of the patient in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a new prescription for a home oxygen concentrator. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client and their family?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client and their family to check the cord routinely for frays or tearing. This is crucial to ensure the safety and proper function of the oxygen concentrator.
Choice B is incorrect because oxygen should never be used around open flames due to the risk of fire.
Choice C is also incorrect as oxygen cylinders or concentrators should not be stored in a closet due to ventilation and safety concerns.
Choice D is incorrect because synthetic clothing can generate static electricity, which could pose a risk around oxygen equipment.