HESI LPN
Adult Health Exam 1 Chamberlain Questions
Question 1 of 5
During the shift change report at an acute care hospital, the charge nurse assigns the Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) to care for a client. Which task is within the LPN's scope?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. LPNs are trained to provide basic nursing care such as wound care. Providing wound care for a stage III pressure ulcer falls within the LPN's scope of practice. Administering IV medication (choice
A) requires a higher level of skill and is usually the responsibility of registered nurses. Conducting initial client assessments (choice
B) demands more advanced training and is typically performed by registered nurses. Teaching a diabetic client about insulin administration (choice
D) involves patient education and is usually within the scope of registered nurses or other healthcare professionals with specific training in diabetic care.
Question 2 of 5
When using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI), which step is most important for ensuring effective medication delivery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct step to ensure effective medication delivery when using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is to exhale completely before using the inhaler. This action helps create more space in the lungs for the medication to reach deeply into the airways. Inhaling quickly while pressing down on the inhaler (
Choice
B) may cause the medication to impact the throat rather than reaching the lungs. Shaking the inhaler for 10 seconds before use (
Choice
C) is important to mix the medication but not the most crucial step for effective delivery. While holding the breath for 5 seconds after inhaling (
Choice
D) can help the medication stay in the lungs momentarily, exhaling completely before inhalation is more critical for optimal drug deposition.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Which intervention is a priority during the acute phase?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering morphine is a priority intervention during the acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI). Morphine not only provides pain relief but also reduces myocardial oxygen demand, which is crucial in this situation.
Choice B is incorrect because isometric exercises can increase myocardial oxygen demand and are not recommended during the acute phase of MI.
Choice C is incorrect as elevating the head of the bed, not keeping the client flat, is preferred to reduce workload on the heart.
Choice D is incorrect because fluid intake should be encouraged unless contraindicated, as adequate hydration is essential for cardiac function.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is changing the colostomy bag for a client who is complaining of leakage of diarrheal stool under the disposable ostomy bag. What action should the nurse implement to prevent leakage?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
To prevent leakage of stool under the disposable ostomy bag, the nurse should cut the bag opening to the measurement of the stoma size. This action ensures a proper fit, which is crucial in preventing leaks that can lead to skin irritation and compromise stoma care. Placing a 4x4 wick in the stoma opening or applying zinc oxide ointment may not address the issue of leakage effectively. Administering a PRN antidiarrheal agent is not directly related to preventing leakage caused by an ill-fitting ostomy bag.
Question 5 of 5
Based on the Nursing diagnosis of 'Potential for infection related to second and third degree burns,' which intervention has the highest priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The highest priority intervention in this scenario is B, the use of careful hand washing technique. Proper hand hygiene is essential in preventing infection, especially in individuals with compromised skin integrity like those with burns. By practicing careful hand washing, healthcare providers reduce the risk of introducing harmful pathogens to the burn wound, thus lowering the chances of infections.
Choice A, application of topical antibacterial cream, is important but should follow ensuring proper hand hygiene.
Choice C, administration of plasma expanders, is not directly associated with preventing burn-related infections.
Choice D, limiting visitors, is significant for infection control, but ensuring proper hand hygiene outweighs this intervention in terms of priority.