HESI LPN
HESI Pediatrics Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child with a cardiac malformation associated with left-to-right shunting. What does this type of congenital disorder lead to primarily?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Left-to-right shunting in a cardiac malformation results in increased blood flow to the lungs. This increased blood flow can lead to pulmonary hypertension and heart failure if left untreated. Elevated hematocrit (
Choice
A) is not a characteristic directly associated with left-to-right shunting. Severe growth retardation (
Choice
B) is not a typical manifestation of this type of congenital disorder. Clubbing of the fingers and toes (
Choice
C) is more commonly seen in conditions like chronic respiratory or cardiac diseases, not specifically with left-to-right shunting and associated cardiac malformations.
Question 2 of 5
After corrective surgery for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS), what should the nurse teach a parent to do immediately after a feeding to limit vomiting?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After corrective surgery for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS), placing the infant in an infant seat is the correct action to take immediately after feeding to limit vomiting. This position helps keep the head elevated, reducing the risk of vomiting. Rocking the infant (
Choice
A) may agitate the stomach and increase the likelihood of vomiting. Placing the infant flat on the right side (
Choice
C) is not recommended as it does not encourage proper digestion and may increase the risk of vomiting. Keeping the infant awake with sensory stimulation (
Choice
D) does not address the positioning concern related to vomiting in this specific post-operative scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A child is admitted with extensive burns. The nurse notes burns on the child's lips and singed nasal hairs. The nurse should suspect that the child has a(n)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Burns on the lips and singed nasal hairs are indicative of an inhalation injury. This suggests that the child has likely inhaled hot gases or smoke, leading to damage in the respiratory tract.
Choice A, chemical burn, is incorrect because the symptoms described are more aligned with inhalation rather than direct contact with chemicals.
Choice C, electrical burn, is incorrect as there are no mentions of contact with an electrical source.
Choice D, hot-water scald, is also incorrect as the presentation of burns on the lips and singed nasal hairs is not characteristic of scald injuries.
Question 4 of 5
What should parents be taught when a 7-year-old child with a history of seizures is being discharged from the hospital?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teaching seizure first aid to family members is crucial in ensuring the child's safety during a seizure. This education empowers family members to respond effectively, protect the child from injury, and provide appropriate care. Option A is incorrect because antiepileptic medication should be administered as prescribed, not only when a seizure occurs. Option B, while important for overall health, is not specific to managing seizures. Option C is incorrect as there is no evidence that restricting activities prevents seizures, and it may negatively impact the child's quality of life without offering additional safety benefits.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a child diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). What would the nurse interpret as indicative of this disorder?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Positive fibrin split products are indicative of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DI
C). In DIC, there is widespread clotting and subsequent consumption of clotting factors, leading to the formation of fibrin split products. A shortened prothrombin time (
Choice
A) is not typically seen in DIC as it indicates faster clotting, which is opposite to the pathophysiology of DIC. An increased fibrinogen level (
Choice
B) may be observed in the early stages of DIC due to the compensatory increase in production, but it is not a definitive indicator. Increased platelets (
Choice
D) may be seen in the early stages of DIC due to the body's attempt to compensate for clot formation, but it is not a specific finding for DIC.