Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is autonomy. Autonomy is the ethical principle that upholds an individual's right to make decisions about their healthcare, including the choice to refuse treatment or surgery. In this scenario, the client's decision not to have surgery despite the recommendation is an exercise of autonomy.
Choice A, fidelity, refers to being faithful and keeping promises, which is not applicable in this situation.
Choice C, justice, pertains to fair and equal distribution of resources and treatment, not the individual's right to make decisions.
Choice D, nonmaleficence, relates to the obligation to do no harm, which is not directly applicable to the client's decision to refuse surgery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Devoting time to establishing an occupation. Young adults typically focus on building their careers and personal identities, making establishing an occupation a crucial developmental task for this age group.

Choices A, B, and D do not align with the typical developmental tasks of young adults.
Choice A relates more to middle adulthood where individuals take on mentoring roles, choice B is more characteristic of the tasks associated with adjusting to late adulthood, and choice D is more relevant to middle adulthood when individuals may find themselves caring for both their own children and aging parents.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'I should use a soft-bristled toothbrush while taking this medication.' Using a soft-bristled toothbrush is crucial as it helps prevent bleeding gums, which is a potential side effect of warfarin therapy. Option A about taking warfarin at the same time every day is a good practice but does not directly relate to preventing side effects. Option B suggesting an increase in green leafy vegetables can interfere with warfarin's anticoagulant effects due to their vitamin K content. Option D advising to avoid alcohol is generally recommended but is not directly related to the specific side effects of warfarin.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale:
To calculate the correct rate of infusion, divide the total volume by the total time: 250 ml / 4 hours = 62.5 ml/hour, which is rounded up to 63 ml/hour. This rate ensures the proper administration of the KCl over the 4-hour period.
Choice A (13 ml/hour) is incorrect as it does not match the calculated rate.

Choices C (80 ml/hour) and D (125 ml/hour) are also incorrect as they do not correspond to the calculated rate needed for the specified time frame.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 8 oz of ice chips. When calculating fluid intake, the nurse should document half of the volume of ice chips to account for the air in between the chips.
Therefore, 8 oz of ice chips equals 120 mL of fluid.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not equate to 120 mL of fluid intake as per the given scenario.
Choice A, 2 cups of soup, is more than 120 mL.
Choice B, 1 quart of water, is significantly more than 120 mL.
Choice D, 6 oz of tea, is less than 120 mL.