HESI Fundamentals Test Bank

Question 1 of 5

The LPN/LVN is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is receiving oxygen therapy. Which observation indicates that the client is experiencing oxygen toxicity?

A. Nasal congestion B. Cough C. Sore throat D. Fatigue

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'C: Sore throat.' Oxygen toxicity can manifest with symptoms like a sore throat, cough, chest pain, difficulty breathing, and fatigue. However, a sore throat can be an early indicator of oxygen toxicity and should prompt immediate attention. Nasal congestion, cough, and fatigue are not specific indicators of oxygen toxicity but could be related to other factors in a client with COPD receiving oxygen therapy.

Question 2 of 5

The healthcare provider is reviewing the plan of care for a client with a newly placed colostomy. Which outcome would indicate effective client teaching?

A. Client demonstrates how to irrigate the colostomy. B. Client verbalizes understanding of dietary changes. C. Client performs ostomy care independently. D. Client expresses feelings about the impact of the colostomy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because effective teaching is demonstrated when the client can independently perform ostomy care. This indicates that the client has understood and retained the information provided during teaching.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because demonstrating how to irrigate the colostomy, verbalizing understanding of dietary changes, and expressing feelings about the impact of the colostomy are important aspects of care but do not directly reflect the client's ability to apply the taught information in a practical setting.

Question 3 of 5

A client is reporting pain to a nurse. When documenting the quality of the client's pain on an initial pain assessment, the nurse should record which of the following client statements?

A. "I'm having mild pain." B. "The pain is like a dull ache in my stomach." C. "I notice that the pain gets worse after I eat." D. "The pain makes me feel nauseous."

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. When documenting the quality of pain, it is essential to record the client's description of how the pain feels in their own words.
Choice A simply states the intensity of pain but does not describe its quality.

Choices C and D provide information related to aggravating factors and associated symptoms, respectively, but they do not describe the quality of pain.
Therefore, choice B, which describes the pain as a dull ache in the stomach, is the most appropriate statement to document for assessing the quality of the client's pain.

Question 4 of 5

A healthcare professional in a provider's office is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who reports chills and aching joints. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional identify as an indication that the client has an infection?

A. WBC 15,000/mm³ B. Hemoglobin 12 g/dL C. Platelet count 300,000/mm³ D. Sodium 140 mEq/L

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An elevated white blood cell count (WBC 15,000/mm³) is a common indicator of infection as the body increases WBC production to fight off pathogens. In conditions like infections, inflammation, or stress, the WBC count can rise. The other options, hemoglobin, platelet count, and sodium levels, are not typically specific indicators of infection. Hemoglobin measures the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells, platelet count assesses clotting ability, and sodium levels indicate electrolyte balance.

Question 5 of 5

A client who is non-ambulatory notifies the nurse that his trash can is on fire. After the nurse confirms the fire, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?

A. Evacuate the client B. Attempt to extinguish the fire C. Call the fire department D. Close the door to contain the fire

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to Evacuate the client (
Choice
A). In the event of a fire, the safety of the client is the top priority. The RACE (Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish) mnemonic is used in fire emergencies. The first step is to Rescue or Evacuate the individual from immediate danger. Attempting to extinguish the fire (
Choice
B) may endanger both the client and the nurse. Calling the fire department (
Choice
C) is important but should come after ensuring the client's safety. Closing the door to contain the fire (
Choice
D) is not appropriate in this scenario because the priority is to remove the client from harm's way.

Nurselytic

HESI LPN

HESI LPN