HESI LPN
HESI Fundamentals Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has a terminal diagnosis and their health is declining. The client requests information about advance directives. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a client with a terminal illness asks about advance directives, it is essential to provide the information they seek.
Choice A is the correct response as it acknowledges the client's request and offers to discuss advance directives while providing additional resources in the form of brochures. This approach empowers the client to make informed decisions about their end-of-life care.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the client's request or provide the information the client is seeking.
Choice B dismisses the importance of advance directives, which are crucial in end-of-life care planning.
Choice C involves the family unnecessarily when the client directly requested information.
Choice D deflects the responsibility back to the client to seek information from their provider instead of addressing their immediate request.
Question 2 of 5
Which toy is most appropriate for an 18-month-old child?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A pull toy is the most appropriate choice for an 18-month-old child. At this age, children are developing their motor skills and coordination, and a pull toy can help with these aspects by encouraging movement and coordination. Puzzle with large pieces (
Choice
B) may pose a choking hazard for a child of this age due to small parts. While a book with large pictures (
Choice
C) can be engaging and beneficial for language development, a pull toy is more suitable for promoting physical development in an 18-month-old. A doll with small clothes (
Choice
D) is not ideal for this age group as small parts can be a choking hazard.
Question 3 of 5
While changing a client's postoperative dressing, the nurse observes a red and swollen wound with a moderate amount of yellow and green drainage and a foul odor. Given there is a positive MRSA, which is the most important action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take in this situation is to initiate contact precautions. MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is a highly contagious bacterium that spreads through direct contact. Contact precautions involve wearing gloves and gowns to prevent the spread of infection to other patients or healthcare workers. Force-feeding oral fluids, requesting a nutrition consult, or limiting visitors to immediate family only are not the most appropriate actions in this scenario. These actions do not directly address the need to prevent the spread of MRSA, which is crucial in a healthcare setting.
Question 4 of 5
A client is on bed rest following an abdominal surgery. Which of the following findings indicates the need to increase the frequency of position changes?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of a non-blanching red area over the client's trochanter is a concerning finding as it indicates possible pressure ulcer formation. This finding necessitates an increase in the frequency of position changes to prevent skin breakdown.
Choices A, C, and D do not directly correlate with the need for increased position changes. A flat rash, ecchymosis, and petechiae may have different causes and would not be addressed by changing the client's position more frequently.
Question 5 of 5
During an integumentary assessment for a group of clients, a healthcare professional notes various skin findings. Which of the following findings should the professional recognize as requiring immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cyanosis, a bluish discoloration of the skin, indicates inadequate oxygenation and requires immediate intervention. It suggests a severe lack of oxygen in the blood, which can be life-threatening. Pallor and jaundice are concerning findings but may not indicate an immediate life-threatening situation. Pallor can be a sign of anemia or low blood pressure, while jaundice may indicate liver dysfunction. Erythema, which is redness of the skin, is typically not an emergency and can be caused by various factors such as inflammation or increased blood flow to the area.