HESI PN Nutrition Practice Exam - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale:
Correct Answer: Ensuring regular thyroid hormone replacement therapy is crucial for managing congenital hypothyroidism in children. This therapy supports normal growth and development by replacing the deficient thyroid hormones. Monitoring for signs of hyperactivity (
Choice
A) is not the primary management for congenital hypothyroidism; rather, the focus should be on addressing the hormone deficiency. Encouraging a high-calcium diet (
Choice
C) may not directly address the thyroid hormone deficiency characteristic of congenital hypothyroidism. Increasing physical exercise (
Choice
D) is not the mainstay treatment for this condition; hormone replacement therapy is the cornerstone of management.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct statement is that some minerals become dissolved in body fluids, making them available for absorption and utilization by the body. Minerals are not organic compounds, so choice A is incorrect.
Choice B is incorrect because minerals do not provide energy like macronutrients such as carbohydrates and fats.
Choice D is incorrect because minerals are elements and cannot be destroyed by cooking; however, their availability and absorption may be affected by cooking methods.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitoring electrolyte levels. In the management of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, it is crucial to monitor electrolyte levels to prevent imbalances and related complications. Restricting physical activity (choice
B) is not a typical aspect of care for this condition. Administering high doses of vitamin A (choice
C) is not a standard treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia and can be harmful in excess. Providing a high-protein diet (choice
D) may be beneficial for some conditions but is not a specific requirement for managing congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nasal congestion is a common early sign of RSV in infants, often accompanied by cough and wheezing. High fever, rash, and jaundice are not typically associated with RSV. While RSV can lead to fever, it is usually not one of the earliest signs. Rash and jaundice are unrelated to RSV symptoms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Observing the nonverbal child's facial expressions and body movements is crucial in assessing pain. Nonverbal children may not be able to communicate their discomfort verbally, making it essential to rely on physical cues. Asking parents about the child's usual behavior (choice
A) may provide some insight but observing the child directly is more direct and reliable. Measuring blood pressure (choice
C) is not typically a direct method for assessing pain in nonverbal children. Using a pain rating scale designed for older children (choice
D) is also inappropriate for nonverbal children who cannot participate in such self-reporting tools.