HESI LPN
Medical Surgical Assignment Exam HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
What are priority nursing interventions designed to do for a 4-year-old child with cerebral palsy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Assist the child to develop effective communication.' Children with cerebral palsy often face challenges with communication skills.
Therefore, priority nursing interventions aim to help them improve their communication abilities.
Choice A is incorrect because while education is important, the priority for a child with cerebral palsy is to address immediate needs.
Choice B is incorrect as toileting, although important, is not the priority in this case.
Choice D is incorrect as ambulation may not be feasible or the most critical concern for a child with cerebral palsy.
Question 2 of 5
A male client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia has a CD4+ T cell count of 200 cells/microliter. The client asks the nurse why he keeps getting these massive infections. Which pathophysiologic mechanism should the nurse describe in response to the client's question?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
A young client who is being taught how to use an inhaler for symptoms of asthma tells the nurse about the intention to use the inhaler but plans to continue smoking cigarettes. In evaluating the client's response, what is the best initial action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best initial action by the nurse is to revise the plan of care. This is necessary to address the client's intention to continue smoking and ensure that appropriate support and education are provided.
Choice A is not the best initial action as the client is already aware of the risks of smoking with asthma.
Choice C might not be effective as the client's intention to continue smoking poses a significant risk to their health.
Choice D, providing resources for smoking cessation, is important but revising the plan of care should come first to address the immediate concern.
Question 4 of 5
A client who took a camping vacation two weeks ago in a country with a tropical climate comes to the clinic describing vague symptoms and diarrhea for the past week. Which finding is most important for the nurse to report to the HCP?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most important finding to report to the healthcare provider is a jaundiced sclera. Jaundice suggests liver involvement, which can be a sign of a serious underlying condition. Weakness and fatigue, intestinal cramping, and weight loss are important symptoms, but jaundice indicates a more urgent issue that needs immediate attention.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse assesses an adult male client 24 hours following abdominal surgery and finds that his blood pressure is 98/40 mm Hg, he is tachycardic, restless, and irritable. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should first check under the client for evidence of bleeding. A blood pressure of 98/40 mm Hg, along with tachycardia, restlessness, and irritability, could indicate internal hemorrhage following abdominal surgery. Checking for bleeding under the back is crucial to rule out this life-threatening complication. Notifying the healthcare provider, ensuring IV infusion, or listening to lung sounds can be important but are secondary to ruling out immediate life-threatening conditions like internal bleeding.