HESI LPN
Pediatric HESI Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child with a diagnosis of congenital heart disease is admitted to the hospital. What should the nurse include in the child's care plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Monitoring fluid status is crucial for a child with congenital heart disease because these children are at risk of fluid overload, which can exacerbate their condition. Monitoring fluid intake and output helps prevent complications such as heart failure. Encouraging activity may be important, but it should be done cautiously and within limits due to the child's cardiac condition. Promoting a high-calorie diet is not typically a priority in congenital heart disease care unless there are specific indications. Maintaining oxygen therapy may be necessary in some cases but is not the primary intervention for managing congenital heart disease.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old girl with an endocrine disorder involving the posterior pituitary gland. What care would the nurse expect to implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a child with a disorder of the posterior pituitary gland, desmopressin acetate is a medication commonly used to manage the condition by replacing the antidiuretic hormone. Instructing the parents on how to administer desmopressin acetate correctly is essential for the child's care.
Choice A is incorrect because growth hormone treatment is not typically used for posterior pituitary disorders.
Choice C is incorrect as treatment for this condition usually continues beyond puberty.
Choice D is incorrect as acute adrenal crisis is not directly related to a disorder of the posterior pituitary gland.
Question 3 of 5
A parent brings a 2-month-old infant with Down syndrome to the pediatric clinic for a physical and administration of immunizations. Which clinical finding should alert the nurse to perform a further assessment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Circumoral cyanosis should alert the nurse to perform a further assessment because it may indicate inadequate oxygenation or circulation, potentially related to cardiac or respiratory issues. Flat occiput (choice
A) is a common finding in infants and is not typically concerning. Small, low-set ears (choice
B) are common in Down syndrome and not specifically indicative of an acute issue requiring immediate further assessment. Protruding furrowed tongue (choice
D) is also commonly seen in infants with Down syndrome and typically does not warrant immediate further assessment unless associated with other concerning signs or symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
An 8-year-old girl was diagnosed with a closed fracture of the radius at approximately 2 p.m. The fracture was reduced in the emergency department, and her arm placed in a cast. At 11 p.m., her mother brings her back to the emergency department due to unrelenting pain that has not been relieved by the prescribed narcotics. Which action would be the priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action would be to notify the doctor immediately. Unrelenting pain despite medication can indicate compartment syndrome, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention. Applying ice or elevating the arm may not address the potential serious underlying issue of compartment syndrome. Giving additional pain medication without further assessment could delay necessary intervention and potentially worsen the condition.
Question 5 of 5
A parent calls the clinic because their child has ingested a small amount of household bleach. What should the nurse advise?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to advise the parent to call the poison control center. When a child ingests household bleach, it is important to seek guidance from professionals who can provide specific and immediate advice on managing the situation. Administering activated charcoal (
Choice
A) is not recommended for household bleach ingestion. Inducing vomiting immediately (
Choice
B) can lead to further complications and is not the recommended first response. Taking the child to the emergency department (
Choice
D) should be done based on the advice received from the poison control center.