HESI LPN
Pediatric Practice Exam HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A child has coarctation of the aorta. What does the nurse expect to identify when taking the child's vital signs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a child has coarctation of the aorta, the nurse would expect to identify a weak radial pulse when taking the child's vital signs. Coarctation of the aorta results in a narrowing of the aorta, leading to reduced blood flow and a weakened pulse. An irregular heartbeat (
Choice
B) is less likely to be associated with coarctation of the aorta. Similarly, a bounding femoral pulse (
Choice
C) is not typically observed with this condition. An elevated radial blood pressure (
Choice
D) is less common as coarctation of the aorta usually causes decreased blood pressure in the lower extremities due to the aortic narrowing.
Question 2 of 5
What is the most appropriate method to feed an infant born with a unilateral cleft lip and palate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A cross-cut nipple is the most appropriate method to feed an infant born with a unilateral cleft lip and palate. Using a cross-cut nipple allows for easier feeding by modifying the flow of milk, which helps in reducing the risk of aspiration in infants with this condition. Plastic spoon, parenteral infusion, and rubber-tipped syringe are not suitable for feeding infants with cleft lip and palate. Feeding an infant with a cleft lip and palate requires special considerations to ensure safe and effective nutrition delivery.
Question 3 of 5
A newborn is admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with choanal atresia. Which part of the infant's body should the nurse assess?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choanal atresia is a congenital condition that presents with a blockage in the nasal passages at the junction of the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx.
To assess and confirm the diagnosis of choanal atresia, the nurse should focus on assessing the nasopharynx.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as choanal atresia specifically involves a blockage in the nasal passages, not the rectum, intestinal tract, or laryngopharynx. By assessing the nasopharynx, the severity of the obstruction can be determined, aiding in planning appropriate interventions for the newborn.
Question 4 of 5
A healthcare provider is preparing a 2-year-old child for surgery. What preoperative teaching should be provided to this child?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using a doll to demonstrate the procedure is the most appropriate preoperative teaching method for a 2-year-old child. It helps them understand what to expect in a non-threatening way by providing a visual representation of the upcoming surgery. Explaining the procedure in simple terms may be too abstract for a child of this age, as they may not fully comprehend verbal explanations. Showing pictures of the hospital environment may not be as effective as using a doll, as it may not provide a concrete understanding of the actual procedure. Allowing the child to play with medical equipment is unsafe and does not adequately prepare them for the surgery, as it may lead to misunderstandings or fear regarding the equipment's actual use during the surgery.
Question 5 of 5
A health care provider orders a tap water enema for a 6-month-old infant with suspected Hirschsprung disease. What rationale causes the nurse to question the order?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Tap water enemas can cause significant fluid and electrolyte imbalances, particularly in infants, making them unsafe for this age group.
Choice A is incorrect because tap water enemas do not directly lead to loss of necessary nutrients.
Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on emotional impact rather than physiological risks.
Choice D is incorrect as shock from a sudden drop in temperature is not a common consequence of a tap water enema in this scenario.