NCLEX-RN
NCLEX Practice Test RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When a client is receiving vasoactive therapy IV, such as dopamine (Intropin), and extravasation occurs, the nurse should be prepared to administer which of the following medications directly into the site?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phentolamine is given to counteract the-adrenergic effects that cause ischemia and necrosis of local tissue. Epinephrine is an endogenous catecholamine that produces vasoconstriction and increases heart rate and contractility. Phenylephrine causes constriction of arterioles of skin, mucous membranes, and viscera, which in turn can cause ischemia and necrosis. Sodium bicarbonate is an alkalinizing agent that is incompatible with dopamine.
Question 2 of 5
A client is being evaluated for carpal tunnel syndrome. The nurse is observed tapping over the median nerve in the wrist and asking the client if there is pain or tingling. Which assessment is the nurse performing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tinel’s sign involves tapping the median nerve to elicit pain/tingling in carpal tunnel syndrome. Phalen’s maneuver (
A) involves wrist flexion, Kernig’s (
C) and Brudzinski’s (
D) are for meningitis.
Question 3 of 5
An amniocentesis at 32 weeks gestation reveals that a multigravida with diabetes has an L/S ratio of 1:1 with the presence of phosphatidylglycerol. Based on the amniocentesis,the nurse knows that if delivered now:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An L/S ratio of 1:1 at 32 weeks indicates immature fetal lungs increasing the risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) if delivered now. Phosphatidylglycerol presence is positive but does not fully mitigate RDS risk. The other risks are not directly related to the L/S ratio.
Question 4 of 5
A 52-year-old client is scheduled for a small-bowel resection in the morning. In conjunction with other preoperative preparation, the nurse is teaching her diaphragmatic breathing exercises. She will teach the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This is the correct method of teaching diaphragmatic breathing, which allows full lung expansion to increase oxygenation, prevent atelectasis, and move secretions up and out of the lungs to decrease risk of pneumonia. Quick, short breaths do not allow for full lung expansion and movement of secretions up and out of the lungs. Quick, short breaths may lead to O2 depletion, hyperventilation, and hypoxia. Expelling breaths through the nose does not allow for full lung expansion and the use of diaphragmatic muscles to assist in moving secretions up and out of the lungs. Inhaling and exhaling at a rate of 20-24 times/min does not allow time for full lung expansion to increase oxygenation. This would most likely lead to O2 depletion and hypoxia.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of multiple myeloma is admitted with complaints of bone pain. The nurse should give priority to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bone pain in multiple myeloma is often due to bone destruction, which can cause hypercalcemia, so monitoring for hypercalcemia is the priority.