NCLEX-RN
Free NCLEX RN Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
To prevent fungal infections of the mouth and throat, the nurse should teach clients on inhaled steroids to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is sufficient to rinse the plastic holders with warm water at least once per day. It is important to rinse the mouth after each use to minimize the risk of fungal infections by reducing the droplets of the glucocorticoid left in the oral cavity. Antacids act by neutralizing or reducing gastric acid, thus decreasing the pH of the stomach. 'Neutralizing' the oral mucosa prior to inhalation of a steroid inhaler does not minimize the risk of fungal infections. Rinsing prior to the use of the glucocorticoid will not eliminate the droplets left on the oral mucous membranes following the use of the inhaler.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client upon arrival to the emergency department. Partial airway obstruction is suspected. Which clinical manifestation is a late sign of airway obstruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cyanotic ear lobes are a late sign of airway obstruction, indicating severe hypoxia. Rales (
A) suggest fluid, restlessness (
B) is early, and stridor (
D) is an earlier obstructive sign.
Question 3 of 5
A client with leukemia who has been receiving Trimetrexate (methotrexate) has an order for Wellcovorin (leucovorin). The rationale for administering Wellcovorin is to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leucovorin (Wellcovorin) is a rescue therapy given after methotrexate to reverse its toxicity and protect healthy cells from damage particularly in bone marrow and mucosal tissues. It does not treat anemia enhance synergy or increase neutrophils.
Question 4 of 5
The client with hyperemesis gravidarum is at risk for developing:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperemesis gravidarum causes prolonged vomiting leading to dehydration and loss of stomach acid resulting in metabolic acidosis. The dehydration exacerbates the acid-base imbalance.
Question 5 of 5
A mother brings her 3-year-old child who is unconscious but breathing to the ER with an apparent drug overdose. The mother found an empty bottle of aspirin next to her child in the bathroom. Which nursing action is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The immediate treatment for drug overdose is removal of the drug from the stomach by either forced emesis or gastric lavage. The child's unconscious state prohibits forced emesis.
Toxic amounts of salicylates directly affect the respiratory system, which could lead to respiratory failure. The mother's anxiety is probably so high that preventive guidance will be ineffective. Respiratory assistance is not needed if the child's respiratory function is unaltered.