NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Trainer Test 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of heart failure who is receiving spironolactone (Aldactone) 25 mg PO daily. Which of the following client statements would be of GREATest concern to the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Muscle cramps suggest hyperkalemia, a serious side effect of spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, requiring immediate evaluation to prevent arrhythmias. Options A, B, and D are less concerning: fatigue and dry mouth are nonspecific, and taking with food is acceptable.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a cholesterol level of $240 \mathrm{mg}$ is instructed to modify his diet. Which of the following diets provides a low-cholesterol, low-saturated fat breakfast?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oatmeal, skim milk, and margarine are low in cholesterol and saturated fat, unlike bacon, sausage, or cream cheese.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse evaluates the nutritional intake of a 16-year-old girl at a camp for adolescents. The girl eats all of the food provided to her at the camp cafeteria. Each of the day's three meals contains foods from all areas of the food pyramid, and each meal averages about 900 calories and 3 mg of iron. The girl has been menstruating monthly for about two years. Which of the following descriptions, if made by the nurse, BEST describes the girl's intake if her weight is appropriate for her height?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 900 × 3 = 2,700 calories/day and women need 1,200-1,500 kcal/day (men need 1,500-1,800 kcal/day); 3 mg × 3 = 9 mg/day of iron and women need 15 mg/day of iron (men need 10 mg/day); with pregnancy 30 mg/day required
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis. The nurse would anticipate that the child would be deficient in which vitamins?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A, D, and K. The uptake of fat soluble vitamins is decreased in children with Cystic Fibrosis. Vitamins A, D, and K are fat soluble and are likely to be deficient in clients with Cystic Fibrosis.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of osteoporosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercises strengthen bones, reducing fracture risk in osteoporosis. Vitamin C is less critical than calcium and vitamin D, calcium restriction worsens bone loss, and bed rest increases bone resorption.