NCLEX-PN
NCLEX-PN Practice Questions Free Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of seizures who is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin). Which of the following side effects should the nurse monitor for?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin commonly causes gingival hyperplasia, requiring oral hygiene monitoring. Weight gain (
A), hypoglycemia (
C), and hair loss (
D) are not typical side effects of phenytoin.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic heart failure. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Daily weight tracks fluid status, diuretics reduce overload, fluid restriction prevents exacerbation, and activity improves cardiac function. High-sodium diets worsen heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on a 1-day-old neonate. Which of the following findings would indicate possible asphyxia in utero? Select all that apply:
Correct Answer: C,D,F
Rationale: Failure of the toes to curl downward when the baby's soles are stroked and lack of response to a loud sound can be evidence that neurological damage from asphyxia has occurred. The normal responses would be that the toes curl downward with stroking and that the arms and legs extend in response to a loud noise. Weak, ineffective sucking is another sign of neurologic damage; a neonate should root and suck when the side of his cheek is stroked. A neonate should also grasp a person's finger when it's placed in the palm of his hand, do stepping movements when held upright with the soles touching a surface, and turn toward an object when his cheek is touched by it.
Question 4 of 5
A client comes to the emergency department complaining of headache, malaise, chills, fever, and a stiff neck. Vital sign assessment reveals a temperature elevation, increased heart and respiratory rates, and normal blood pressure. On physical examination, the nurse notes confusion, a petechial rash, nuchal rigidity, Brudzinski's sign, and Kernig's sign. What does Brudzinski's sign indicate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Brudzinski's sign indicates meningeal irritation, as in meningitis. Other signs of meningeal irritation include nuchal rigidity and Kernig's sign. Brudzinski's sign doesn't indicate increased ICP, cerebral edema, or low CSF pressure.
Question 5 of 5
An adult has low back pain. Which position is likely to be most comfortable for the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Side-lying with knees flexed reduces lumbar strain, easing low back pain. Prone, supine, or semi-sitting positions may exacerbate discomfort.