NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Nursing Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. Based on the client's treatment, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome causes edema due to protein loss, requiring fluid management. Offering additional fluids is inappropriate unless prescribed, as it may worsen edema. Visitors, diet, and dialysis depend on specific orders.
Question 2 of 5
The physician has ordered an IV bolus of Solu-Medrol (methylprednisolone sodium succinate) in normal saline for a client admitted with a spinal cord injury. Solu-Medrol has been shown to be effective in:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High-dose methylprednisolone within 8 hours of spinal cord injury can improve motor and sensory outcomes by reducing inflammation and edema.
Question 3 of 5
The physician has diagnosed a client with cirrhosis characterized by asterixis. If the nurse assesses the client with asterixis, he can expect to find:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asterixis, a flapping tremor of the wrists when extended, is a sign of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis due to ammonia buildup. The other findings are unrelated to asterixis.
Question 4 of 5
The family member of a child scheduled for heart surgery states, 'I just don't understand this open-heart or closed-heart business. I'm so confused! Can you help me understand it?' The nurse explains that patent ductus arteriosus repair is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patent ductus arteriosus repair is a closed-heart procedure. The client is not placed on a heart-lung machine. Patent ductus arteriosus is a ductus arteriosus that does not close shortly after birth but remains patent. Repair is a closed-heart procedure involving ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery is an open-heart surgical procedure in which blocked coronary arteries are bypassed using vessel grafts. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is a closed-heart procedure that improves coronary blood flow by increasing the lumen size of narrowed vessels.
Question 5 of 5
The physician has ordered 50 mEq of potassium chloride for a client with a potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L. The nurse should administer the medication:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Potassium chloride for hypokalemia (2.5 mEq/L) should be administered via controlled IV infusion over several hours (e.g., five hours) to prevent rapid shifts that could cause arrhythmias.