NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Nursing Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. Based on the client's treatment, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome causes edema due to protein loss, requiring fluid management. Offering additional fluids is inappropriate unless prescribed, as it may worsen edema. Visitors, diet, and dialysis depend on specific orders.
Question 2 of 5
Clinical manifestations seen in left-sided rather than in right-sided heart failure are:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypothermia and azotemia are signs, but not cardinal signs, of diabetes insipidus. (A, B,
C) Clinical manifestations of right-sided heart failure are weakness, peripheral edema, jugular venous distention, hepatomegaly, jaundice, and elevated central venous pressure. Clinical manifestations of left-sided heart failure are left ventricular dysfunction, decreased cardiac output, hypotension, and the backward failure as a result of increased left atrium and pulmonary artery pressures, pulmonary edema, and rales.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of chronic kidney disease. Which dietary restriction is most important?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chronic kidney disease impairs potassium excretion, risking hyperkalemia, which can cause arrhythmias. Low potassium diets are critical. Calcium, magnesium, and iron are less commonly restricted.
Question 4 of 5
A diagnosis of hepatitis C is confirmed by a male client's physician. The nurse should be knowledgeable of the differences between hepatitis A, B, and C. Which of the following are characteristics of hepatitis C?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hepatitis C has an incubation period of 2-26 weeks. It has a high potential for chronic liver disease, an insidious onset, and no effective vaccine, unlike hepatitis B.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client admitted with TIAs. Assessment findings reveal an absence of the gag reflex. The nurse suspects injury to which of the following cranial nerves?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The vagus nerve (X) innervates the pharynx and larynx, contributing to the gag reflex. Absence of the gag reflex suggests vagus nerve injury. Hypoglossal (XII) controls tongue movement, glossopharyngeal (IX) aids taste and swallowing, and facial (VII) controls facial muscles.