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Questions 158

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Question 1 of 5

The mother of a one-year-old with sickle cell anemia wants to know why the condition didn't show up in the nursery. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fetal hemoglobin (HbF), predominant in newborns, inhibits sickling in sickle cell anemia, delaying symptoms until HbF decreases around 6 months. Newborn screening exists, and infections can trigger crises later.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is preparing to collect a sputum specimen from the client suspected of having tuberculosis. What is the correct method for obtaining a sputum specimen?

Question Image

Correct Answer: A, B, C, D

Rationale: Morning collection (
A) yieldsthough sputum is most concentrated. Three consecutive days (
B) ensure reliable tuberculosis diagnosis. Immediate transport (
C) prevents degradation. Mouth care (
D) maintains hygiene. Antiseptic rinse (E) may kill bacteria, invalidating the sample.

Question 3 of 5

Which of the following statements describes Piaget's stage of concrete operations?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Piaget's concrete operations stage (ages 7-11) involves logical, coherent thinking about concrete events, not abstract concepts. Perspective-taking improves but is secondary to logical thought.

Question 4 of 5

A client with an inguinal hernia asks the nurse why he should have surgery when he has had a hernia for years. The nurse understands that surgery is recommended to:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Surgery for an inguinal hernia is recommended to prevent strangulation, where the herniated bowel becomes trapped, leading to ischemia. The other options are not primary concerns.

Question 5 of 5

Which diet would the nurse expect to see ordered for a patient with nephrotic syndrome?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome causes proteinuria, leading to hypoalbuminemia. A moderate protein diet (0.8–1 g/kg/day) helps replace lost protein without overloading the kidneys. Low carbohydrate, low calcium, or increased potassium diets are not specific to nephrotic syndrome.

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