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Extract:

The basic pathophysiologic problem in cirrhosis of the liver causing esophageal varices is:


Question 1 of 5

The basic pathophysiologic problem in cirrhosis of the liver causing esophageal varices is:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Portal hypertension causes blood backup, leading to esophageal varices.

Extract:

A mother reported that her son is throwing up each time she feeds him.


Question 2 of 5

What would be the best assessment question the nurse would ask?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Jelly-like stool is an indication of a gastrointestinal problem, which could be related to the vomiting. Assessing for this symptom helps identify potential underlying issues.

Extract:


Question 3 of 5

An 8-year-old boy has just had a fiberglass cast applied to his right lower leg following a fractured ankle. The nurse is discussing care of the cast with the parents. Which instruction should be included?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Checking toes for warmth ensures circulation, detecting complications like compartment syndrome early. Bathing, drying time, and leg position are incorrect for fiberglass casts.

Question 4 of 5

A client being discharged from the cardiac step-down unit following a myocardial infarction (MI), is given a prescription for a beta-blocking drug. A nursing student asks the charge nurse why this drug would be used by a client who is not hypertensive. What is an appropriate response by the charge nurse?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: One action of beta-blockers is to decrease systemic vascular resistance by dilating arterioles. This is useful for the client with coronary artery disease, and will reduce the risk of another MI or sudden death.

Question 5 of 5

While obtaining a health history, the nurse learns that the client is allergic to bee stings. When obtaining this client's medication history, the nurse should determine if the client keeps which medication on hand?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A client who is allergic to bee stings should keep diphenhydramine on hand because its antihistamine action can prevent a severe allergic reaction. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant, which is used to treat cold symptoms. Guaifenesin is an expectorant, which is used for coughs. Loperamide is an antidiarrheal agent.

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