NCLEX-RN
NCLEX-RN Exam Practice Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Four days after admission for cirrhosis of the liver, the nurse observes the following when assessing a male client: increased irritability, asterixis, and changes in his speech pattern. Which of the following foods would be appropriate for his bedtime snack?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High levels of ammonia, a by-product of protein metabolism, can precipitate metabolic encephalopathy. These clients need a diet high in carbohydrates and bulk. Metabolic encephalopathy of the brain associated with liver failure is precipitated by elevated ammonia levels. Ammonia is a by-product of protein metabolism. (C,
D) Metabolic encephalopathy in liver failure is precipitated by elevated ammonia levels. Ammonia is a by-product of protein metabolism.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of multiple sclerosis. Which intervention is most appropriate to prevent complications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hot baths can exacerbate multiple sclerosis symptoms by increasing body temperature, causing fatigue or weakness. Weight-bearing exercise is encouraged, antibiotics are not routine, and fluid restriction is harmful.
Question 3 of 5
A client is having an amniocentesis. Prior to the procedure, an ultrasound is performed. In preparing the client, the nurse explains the reason for a sonogram in this situation to be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prior to amniocentesis, the abdomen is scanned by ultrasound to locate the placenta, thus reducing the possibility of penetrating it with the spinal needle used to obtain amniotic fluid.
Question 4 of 5
A 2-month-old infant is receiving IV fluids with a volume control set. The nurse uses this type of tubing because it:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A volume control set allows the nurse to control the amount of fluid administered over a set period.
Question 5 of 5
A 56-year-old psychiatric inpatient has had recurring episodes of depression and chronic low self-esteem. She feels that her family does not want her around, experiences a sense of helplessness, and has a negative view of herself. To assist the client in focusing on her strengths and positive traits, a strategy used by the nurse would be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should encourage activities gradually, as client's energy level and tolerance for shared activities improve. Activities that focus on strengths and accomplishments, with uncomplicated tasks, minimize failure and increase self-worth. Asking a client to set a goal to make all decisions about attending group activities is unrealistic, and such decisions are not always under the client's control; this sets up the client for further failure and possibly decreased self-worth. Encouragement toward independence does promote increased feelings of self-worth; however, clients may need assistance with decision making and problem solving for various situations and on an individual basis.