NCLEX-RN
NCLEX-RN Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A postoperative TURP client returns from the recovery room to the general surgery unit and is in stable condition. One hour later the nurse assesses him and finds him to be confused and disoriented. She recognizes that this is most likely caused by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Early signs of hypovolemic shock include hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, pallor, and diaphoresis. Early signs of potassium depletion include muscular weakness or paralysis, tetany, postural hypotension, weak pulse, shallow respirations, apathy, weak voice, and electrocardiographic changes. Early signs of an elevated sodium level include dry oral mucous membranes, marked thirst, hypertension, tachycardia, oliguria or anuria, anxiety, and agitation. This answer is correct. Important early clinical findings of a decreased sodium concentration include confusion and disorientation. Hyponatremia can occur after a TURP because absorption during surgery through the prostate veins can increase circulating blood volume and decrease sodium concentration.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with a history of psoriasis about skin care. The nurse should tell the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Moisturizing the skin helps reduce dryness and scaling in psoriasis, improving skin barrier function and comfort.
Question 3 of 5
A 9-month-old infant is being examined in the general pediatric clinic for a routine well-child checkup. His immunizations are up to date, and his mother reports that he has had no significant illnesses or injuries. Which of the following signs would lead the nurse to believe that he has had a cerebral injury?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infants older than 6 months of age should not have significant head lag. This is a sign of cerebral injury and should be referred for further evaluation.
Question 4 of 5
The physician orders the removal of an in-dwelling catheter the second post-operative day for a client with a prostatectomy. The client complains of pain and dribbling of urine the first time he voids. The nurse should tell the client that:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pain and dribbling post-catheter removal after prostatectomy are common due to bladder irritation and will improve with time. Compresses, exercises, or reinsertion are not typically needed.
Question 5 of 5
Which statement describes the contagious stage of varicella?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Varicella (chickenpox) is contagious from 1-2 days before the rash until all lesions are crusted, as the virus is shed during this period. Earlier or later stages are less contagious.