NCLEX-RN
Free NCLEX RN Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A female client was recently diagnosed with gastric cancer. She entered the hospital and had a total gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy. Her postoperative recovery was uneventful. On conducting discharge teaching, the nurse discusses changes in bodily function and lifestyle changes with the client. In order to prevent pernicious anemia, the nurse stresses that the client must:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monthly blood transfusions are not indicated postgastrectomy. Increasing iron in the client's diet may cause irritation and will not alleviate pernicious anemia. It may be necessary that the client eat small meals several times per day, but this measure has no relevance to prevention of pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia is caused by lack of Vitamin B12, and replacement therapy will be necessary because the client's stomach has been removed.
Question 2 of 5
A 6-year-old girl is visiting the outpatient clinic because she has a fever and a rash. The doctor diagnoses chickenpox. Her mother asks the nurse how many baby aspirins her daughter can have for fever. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin taken during a viral infection has been implicated as a predisposing factor to Reye's syndrome in children and adolescents. Children and adolescents should not be given aspirin. Allergy to aspirin is not related to Reye's syndrome. Tinnitus, caused by damage to the acoustic nerve, occurs with aspirin toxicity, but this is not related to Reye's syndrome. A 6-year-old child should not be given any baby aspirin.
Question 3 of 5
A mother called the physician's office to ask if it would help relieve her small daughter's abdominal pain if she gave an enema and placed a heating pad on the abdomen. Her daughter has a fever and has vomited twice. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Heat and enemas are contraindicated where severe abdominal pain is suspected because they increase intestinal motility and the risk of perforation, especially with fever and vomiting.
Question 4 of 5
An elderly patient has been taking 80 mg of furosemide (Lasix) bid. The nurse notes that the patient's most recent potassium level is 2.5mEq/L. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia, a serious side effect of furosemide, a potassium-wasting diuretic. The nurse should withhold the medication and notify the physician to address the electrolyte imbalance.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with a new colostomy about dietary management. Which food should the client avoid to reduce odor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Broccoli, a cruciferous vegetable, increases colostomy odor due to sulfur compounds. Rice (
B), chicken (
C), and yogurt (
D) are odor-neutral and appropriate.