NCLEX-RN
NCLEX-RN Exam Practice Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A female client has been diagnosed with chronic renal failure. She is a candidate for either peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and must make a choice between the two. Which information should the nurse give her to help her decide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemodialysis is faster in clearing the blood of toxins than peritoneal dialysis. However, clients must consider the time that they spend traveling to the dialysis center and the disruption in their daily lives. Peritoneal dialysis requires several exchanges with dwelling time for the dialysate and therefore takes longer than hemodialysis. Several serious complications of peritoneal dialysis include peritonitis, catheter displacement and/or plugging, or pain during dialysis. A client can be taught to self-administer peritoneal dialysis without the aid of a professional.
Question 2 of 5
Loss of appetite for a child with leukemia is a major recurrent problem. The plan of care should be designed to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ignoring refusals to eat and rewarding eating attempts are the most successful means of increasing intake. This goal is not specific enough or related to the loss of appetite. This goal is not possible at this time based on his illness. This goal is helpful, but alone will not address his loss of appetite.
Question 3 of 5
A priority nursing diagnosis for a child following a tonsillectomy is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Post-tonsillectomy the priority is risk for injury/aspiration due to potential bleeding or swelling that could obstruct the airway. Nutrition communication and urinary elimination are secondary concerns.
Question 4 of 5
A 56-year-old psychiatric inpatient has had recurring episodes of depression and chronic low self-esteem. She feels that her family does not want her around, experiences a sense of helplessness, and has a negative view of herself. To assist the client in focusing on her strengths and positive traits, a strategy used by the nurse would be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should encourage activities gradually, as client's energy level and tolerance for shared activities improve. Activities that focus on strengths and accomplishments, with uncomplicated tasks, minimize failure and increase self-worth. Asking a client to set a goal to make all decisions about attending group activities is unrealistic, and such decisions are not always under the client's control; this sets up the client for further failure and possibly decreased self-worth. Encouragement toward independence does promote increased feelings of self-worth; however, clients may need assistance with decision making and problem solving for various situations and on an individual basis.
Question 5 of 5
A client returns to the cardiovascular intensive care unit following his coronary artery bypass graft. In planning his care, the most important electrolyte the nurse needs to monitor will be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Potassium will need to be closely monitored because of its effects on the heart. Hypokalemia could result in supraventricular tachyarrhythmias.