NCLEX-RN
RN NCLEX Practice Test Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with a renal failure is prescribed a low potassium diet. Which food choice would be best for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low potassium diet is essential for clients with renal failure to prevent hyperkalemia. Among the options, 1 cup of rice has the lowest potassium content (approximately 50–100 mg per cup), making it the best choice. Beef broth contains moderate potassium (around 200 mg per cup), a baked potato with skin is high in potassium (about 900 mg), and raisins are also high (around 500 mg per half cup).
Question 2 of 5
The client with a history of gout is prescribed allopurinol (Zyloprim). The nurse should instruct the client to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allopurinol reduces uric acid production, and taking it with a full glass of water promotes excretion of uric acid, preventing kidney stones. Fluid restriction is harmful, calcium is not restricted, and it can be taken with food.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notes variable decelerations on the fetal monitor strip. The most appropriate initial action would be to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Variable decelerations are often caused by umbilical cord compression. Repositioning the client (e.g. to the left side) can relieve pressure on the cord and improve fetal oxygenation. Notifying the doctor or starting an IV are secondary if repositioning resolves the issue.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to check a client for Trousseau's sign. Which equipment should the nurse obtain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Trousseau’s sign is elicited by inflating a blood pressure cuff on the arm to induce carpopedal spasm indicating hypocalcemia. The other equipment is not used for this assessment.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse explains perineal hygiene self-care postpartum to the client. She should be instructed to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: (
Tom) Perineal hygiene is a clean procedure and does not require the client to wear gloves. A care provider should wear gloves to adhere to universal precautions. The pad should be applied from front to back to prevent contamination of the birth canal or urinary tract from rectal bacteria. Wiping from front to back and discarding the wipe prevents contamination of the urinary tract and birth canal from rectal bacteria. The inner surface of the pad should not be touched to maintain asepsis.