NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN High-Yield Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of gout is prescribed allopurinol (Zyloprim). Which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drinking plenty of fluids prevents uric acid crystal formation in the kidneys, a key consideration for clients taking allopurinol.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of gout is prescribed allopurinol. What should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake promotes uric acid excretion, reducing the risk of gout flares.
Question 3 of 5
You are caring for a client who has been taking illicit amphetamines and states that they continue to use this illicit drug because they 'suffer and feel lousy' when they try to stop taking it. Which nursing diagnosis is the most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client's symptoms of feeling 'lousy' when stopping the drug indicate physical dependence, as the body has adapted to the presence of amphetamines, leading to withdrawal symptoms upon cessation.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a client diagnosed with hypercalcemia. Which assessment finding indicates a need for follow-up?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client with hypercalcemia is at risk for formation of blood clots. Clotting is more likely to occur in the lower legs, pelvic region, and areas where blood flow is blocked (causing constriction). The nurse should assess for impaired blood flow by measuring calf circumference with a soft tape measure and assess temperature, color, and capillary refill. Decreased capillary refill may be indicative of a clot. The client with hypercalcemia may also exhibit decreased peristalsis, decreased deep tendon reflexes, altered level of consciousness, hypoactive or absent bowel sounds, or increased abdominal circumference as a result of decreased peristalsis.
Question 5 of 5
Select the risk factor that is accurately paired with its disorder.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperkalemia is associated with ketoacidosis, as metabolic acidosis can cause potassium to shift out of cells, elevating serum levels.