NCLEX-RN
Free NCLEX RN Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of a kidney stone is being discharged. The nurse should teach the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake prevents kidney stone recurrence by diluting urine and flushing crystals. Dairy, protein, and vitamin C restrictions depend on stone type but are secondary.
Question 2 of 5
A 14-year-old boy has had diabetes for 7 years. He takes 30 U of NPH insulin and 10 U of regular insulin every morning at 7 AM. He eats breakfast at 7:30 AM and lunch at noon. What time should he expect the greatest risk for hypoglycemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This time is incorrect because regular insulin would peak after the teenager has eaten breakfast. This time is incorrect because it is after lunch when the NPH peaks. Regular insulin peaks in 2-3 hours and has a duration of 4-6 hours. NPH insulin's onset is 4-6 hours and peaks in 8-16 hours. Blood sugar would peak after meals and be lowest before meals and during the night. This time is incorrect because it is before the NPH and after the regular insulin peak times.
Question 3 of 5
A client in labor admits to using alcohol throughout the pregnancy. The most recent use was the day before. Based on the client's history, the nurse should give priority to assessing the newborn for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fetal alcohol exposure, especially recent use, can cause neonatal withdrawal symptoms like jitteriness. Respiratory depression is less common, and physical anomalies like wide-set eyes or low-set ears are associated with chronic exposure.
Question 4 of 5
An elective saline abortion has been performed on a 3-week primigravida. Following the procedure, the nurse should be alert for which early side effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Saline absorption into the bloodstream increases serum sodium, leading to thirst as an early side effect.
Question 5 of 5
Nursing assessment of early evidence of septic shock in children at risk includes:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea are the classic early signs of septic shock in children. Respiratory distress, cold skin, and pale extremities are later signs of septic shock. Elevated blood pressure, hyperventilation, and thready pulses are later signs of septic shock. Normal pulses, hypotension, and oliguria are not early signs of septic shock.