NCLEX-RN
RN NCLEX Next Gen Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is at risk for development of metabolic alkalosis because of persistent vomiting. The nurse should assess the client specifically for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Persistent vomiting causes loss of hydrochloric acid, leading to metabolic alkalosis, which can manifest as hyperventilation as the body compensates for elevated pH.
Question 2 of 5
A client experiencing a mild panic attack has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results: pH 7.49, PCO2 31 mm Hg, PaO2 97 mm Hg, HCO3 22 mEq/L. The nurse reviews the results and determines that the client has which acid-base disturbance?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acidosis is defined as a pH of less than 7.35, whereas alkalosis is defined as a pH of greater than 7.45. Respiratory alkalosis is present when the PCO2 is less than 35, whereas respiratory acidosis is present when the PCO2 is greater than 45. Metabolic acidosis is present when the HCO3 is less than 22 mEq/L, whereas metabolic alkalosis is present when the HCO3 is greater than 26 mEq/L. This client's ABGs are consistent with respiratory alkalosis.
Question 3 of 5
A 4-year-old child who has been ill for 4 hours is admitted to the hospital with difficulty swallowing, a sore throat, and severe substernal retractions. The child's temperature is 104°F (40°C), and the apical pulse is 140 bpm.The white blood cell count is 16,000/mm³. Which of the following should the nurse identify as the immediate priority nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The symptoms indicate epiglottitis, with a high risk of airway obstruction due to epiglottal edema, making this the priority diagnosis.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is prescribed ropinirole (Requip). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ropinirole, a dopamine agonist, commonly causes drowsiness, which the nurse should monitor in Parkinson's clients.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed budesonide (Pulmicort). The nurse should instruct the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after budesonide inhalation prevents oral thrush.