NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Nursing Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 35-year-old client is admitted to the hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis. Results of arterial blood gases are pH 7.2, PaO2 90, PaCO2 45, and HCO3 16. The nursing assessment of arterial blood gases indicate the presence of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metabolic acidosis is determined by low pH and HCO3.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with a history of chronic kidney disease about dietary modifications. The nurse should tell the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Limiting phosphorus intake prevents bone and cardiovascular complications in chronic kidney disease.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a suspected stroke. Which assessment finding is most concerning?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Unilateral facial droop is a classic sign of stroke, indicating neurological deficit and requiring urgent evaluation. Headache (
A), dizziness (
C), and fatigue (
D) are less specific.
Question 4 of 5
A client with rheumatoid arthritis is beginning to develop flexion contractures of the knees. The nurse should tell the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lying prone with feet hanging over the mattress edge helps stretch the knee joints and prevent flexion contractures in rheumatoid arthritis. The other positions do not address knee extension.
Question 5 of 5
During the assessment, the nurse observes a client scratching his skin. He has been admitted to rule out Laennec's cirrhosis of the liver. The nurse knows the pruritus is directly related to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A loss in the phagocytic activity of the Kupffer cells occurs with cirrhosis of the liver, which increases the susceptibility to infections. The faulty processing of bilirubin produces bile salts, which are irritating to the skin. The detoxification of drugs is impaired with cirrhosis of the liver. Collateral circulation develops due to portal hypertension. This is manifest through the development of esophageal varices, hemorrhoids, and caput medusae.