Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'an anecdote.' An anecdote is a personal account or experience, not necessarily backed by scientific evidence. In this case, Carrie's statement about feeling better after taking vitamin C is based on her personal experience and does not constitute scientific evidence or a generalizable conclusion. Choice B, 'theory,' would imply a systematic explanation based on scientific evidence, which is not the case here. Choice C, 'interpretation,' typically involves explaining or understanding something based on available information, not a personal account. Choice D, 'conclusion,' would be a general statement derived from specific information or facts, which is not applicable in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Intravenous fluid replacement is the recommended intervention for a child with severe dehydration because it allows for rapid restoration of fluid and electrolyte balance. In severe cases, oral rehydration therapy (Choice A) may not be tolerated due to the child's condition. A high-protein diet (Choice C) is not the primary intervention and does not address the immediate fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Increased physical activity (Choice D) is contraindicated in severe dehydration as it can exacerbate fluid loss, making intravenous fluid replacement the most suitable choice for prompt correction of the severe dehydration.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Water helps transport nutrients and waste products. Water plays a crucial role in the body by aiding in the transportation of essential nutrients to cells and removing waste products. While water is essential for various metabolic processes, it does not provide calories for energy (choice A). Although water can act as a solvent for biological reactions (choice C), its primary function is not as a solvent. Additionally, while water does help in regulating body temperature to some extent, its main role is not to maintain body temperature (choice D).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Long-term chemotherapy. Long-term chemotherapy, specifically with methotrexate, is the most effective therapy for maintaining remission in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Surgery to remove enlarged lymph nodes (Choice A) is not the primary treatment for leukemia. Nutritional supplements (Choice C) may support overall health but are not the mainstay therapy for maintaining leukemia remission. Blood transfusions (Choice D) are used to address anemia in some cases but are not the primary treatment for maintaining remission in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'To help individuals meet their nutritional needs while reducing the risk of chronic disease.' Dietary guidelines are designed to provide guidance on the types and amounts of food that support good health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Choice A has been corrected to mention 'appropriate proportions' instead of 'equal amounts,' as dietary guidelines emphasize balance and variety. Choice B is partially correct, but the primary focus of dietary guidelines is on meeting nutritional needs. Choice D is incorrect because while dietary guidelines may include nutrient recommendations, their primary focus is on overall dietary patterns rather than specific nutrient intake.