When teaching the parents of a child with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus about insulin administration, what should the nurse emphasize?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to rotate injection sites. This practice helps prevent lipodystrophy, a localized loss of fat tissue that can affect insulin absorption. By rotating sites, the child can avoid developing lumps or indentations in the skin where insulin is repeatedly injected. Administering insulin before meals (choice B) may be necessary for certain types of insulin but is not the priority when teaching about insulin administration. Storing insulin in the refrigerator (choice C) is important for maintaining its potency, but it is not the primary emphasis when teaching about insulin administration. Administering insulin at bedtime (choice D) may be necessary based on the child's insulin regimen but is not the primary consideration for teaching injection techniques and site rotation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The priority nursing intervention for a 5-year-old child admitted to the hospital with bacterial meningitis is to isolate the child. Isolating the child is crucial to prevent the spread of infection to others, as bacterial meningitis is highly contagious. Administering antibiotics (Choice A) is important in the treatment of bacterial meningitis, but isolating the child takes precedence to protect others. Monitoring vital signs (Choice C) and administering fluids (Choice D) are essential aspects of care for a child with meningitis but are not the priority intervention to prevent the spread of the infection.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the priority nursing action for the adolescent with diabetes and a fasting blood glucose level of 180 mg/dL at 6:30 AM is to tell the adolescent that the prescribed dose of rapid-acting insulin should be administered (Option D). Administering insulin is crucial to help lower the elevated blood glucose level and prevent potential complications of hyperglycemia. Option A, encouraging exercise, is not appropriate as the immediate focus should be on addressing the high blood glucose level. Exercise may further elevate blood glucose levels in this situation. Option B, asking for an immediate glucometer reading, is not the priority because the fasting blood glucose level is already known to be high. Immediate intervention is needed rather than just obtaining another reading. Option C, suggesting a complex carbohydrate such as cheese, is not appropriate as this would not effectively address the high blood glucose level. Insulin administration is needed to bring the blood glucose level down quickly and effectively. In an educational context, it is essential for pediatric nurses to understand the critical importance of timely intervention in managing diabetes in adolescents. This scenario highlights the significance of prioritizing insulin administration to address hyperglycemia promptly and prevent potential complications. Nurses should be knowledgeable about appropriate interventions and understand the impact of different actions on blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: For a child with a 'slow-to-warm-up' temperament, it is important to choose activities that are less intense and allow for gradual engagement. Reading stories to the child about famous athletes would be the most successful approach as it is less active and more likely to be acceptable to the child's temperament. Choice B and C involve more active and potentially overwhelming activities, which may not suit the child's temperament. Choice D, proposing wrestling and letting the child win, might create a competitive environment that could be counterproductive for a 'slow-to-warm-up' child.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Von Bertalanffy's general system theory applied to families emphasizes the family as a system with interdependent, interacting parts that endure over time to ensure the survival, continuity, and growth of its components. This perspective views the family as a dynamic entity where each member's actions and behaviors impact the overall functioning of the family unit. Choice B is incorrect because it focuses more on the social aspects of family structure rather than the systemic view provided by Von Bertalanffy's theory. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains more to the family life cycle theory, which is different from the general system theory. Choice D is incorrect as it addresses stress response within families, a concept not central to Von Bertalanffy's general system theory.