HESI LPN
Pediatrics HESI 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the nurse's priority intervention when preparing for admission of a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to place a tracheotomy set at the bedside. Acute laryngotracheobronchitis can cause airway obstruction, which may require an emergency tracheotomy. Having the tracheotomy set readily available ensures quick access in case of respiratory distress. Padding the side rails of the crib, arranging for a quiet, cool room, and obtaining a recliner for a parent are important aspects of care but are not the priority when managing a potentially life-threatening airway emergency.
Question 2 of 5
When explaining the occurrence of febrile seizures to a parents' class, what information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'They may occur in minor illnesses.' Febrile seizures can occur even in minor illnesses, particularly in young children, and are often triggered by a rapid increase in body temperature. Choice B is incorrect because the cause of febrile seizures is not always readily identified. Choice C is incorrect as febrile seizures commonly occur in children aged 6 months to 5 years, which includes the toddler years. Choice D is incorrect as febrile seizures are slightly more common in males than females.
Question 3 of 5
Which best describes a full-thickness (third-degree) burn?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Full-thickness burns involve the destruction of all layers of skin, extending into the subcutaneous tissue. This type of burn causes severe damage and loss of sensation due to nerve destruction. Choice A, erythema and pain, describes superficial burns (first-degree). Choice B, skin showing erythema followed by blister formation, describes partial-thickness burns (second-degree). Choice D, destruction injury involving underlying structures such as muscle, fascia, and bone, goes beyond the description of full-thickness burns.
Question 4 of 5
What is an important nursing responsibility when a dysrhythmia is suspected?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a dysrhythmia is suspected, it is important for nurses to count the apical pulse for a full minute and compare it with the radial pulse rate. This method helps in identifying dysrhythmias because discrepancies between the apical and radial pulse rates can indicate irregular heart rhythms. Option A is incorrect because ordering an immediate electrocardiogram may not always be feasible or necessary as a first step. Option B, counting the radial pulse multiple times, is less accurate than comparing the apical and radial pulse rates. Option D involves an unnecessary step of having another person take simultaneous pulses when the nurse can do it effectively alone.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notes that a child has lost 8 pounds after 4 days of hospitalization for acute glomerulonephritis. This is most likely the result of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: reduction of edema. In acute glomerulonephritis, weight loss is often a result of the reduction of edema. Acute glomerulonephritis causes fluid retention and edema due to kidney inflammation. As the inflammation resolves with treatment, the kidneys can excrete excess fluid, leading to weight loss. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Poor appetite, increased potassium intake, and restriction to bed rest are not typically the primary reasons for weight loss in acute glomerulonephritis.