What is a common early sign of RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) in infants?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In infants, a common early sign of RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) is nasal congestion. This is the correct answer because RSV primarily affects the respiratory system, causing inflammation of the airways and excessive mucus production, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, coughing, and wheezing. Option A, high fever, is not typically an early sign of RSV in infants. While some infants with RSV may develop a fever, it is not as common as respiratory symptoms like nasal congestion. Option C, rash, is not associated with RSV. RSV primarily affects the respiratory system, so a rash would not be a typical symptom of this viral infection. Option D, jaundice, is also not typically a symptom of RSV in infants. Jaundice is usually a sign of liver dysfunction or other underlying conditions, not a respiratory virus like RSV. In an educational context, understanding the early signs and symptoms of RSV is crucial for nurses caring for infants, as early detection can lead to prompt interventions and prevent complications. Nasal congestion in infants, especially when accompanied by other respiratory symptoms, should prompt further assessment and potentially testing for RSV, as early diagnosis and management are key in treating this common viral infection in infants.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pallor and fatigue are common signs of iron-deficiency anemia in children. Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by a decreased production of red blood cells, leading to a paler appearance (pallor) and increased fatigue due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity. Yellowing of the skin (choice A) is more commonly associated with liver or bile duct issues. Rapid weight gain (choice C) and increased appetite (choice D) are not typical signs of iron-deficiency anemia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Oral antibiotics are the correct choice for treating a child with a urinary tract infection (UTI). They are often prescribed to effectively address the infection and alleviate symptoms. Intravenous antibiotics (Choice A) are usually reserved for severe cases where oral antibiotics are not feasible or effective. Increased fluid intake (Choice C) can help in flushing out bacteria but is not a standalone treatment for UTIs. Topical antibiotics (Choice D) are not typically used to treat UTIs as they are more suited for skin infections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When managing a child with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder, it is essential to monitor for triggers and ensure safety. By identifying triggers such as lack of sleep, stress, or specific foods, healthcare professionals can help prevent seizures. Ensuring safety involves creating a safe environment to prevent injuries during a seizure. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding all physical activity can be detrimental as appropriate exercise is essential for overall health. Increasing dietary sodium intake is not a standard recommendation for managing seizures. Restricting all forms of social interaction is unnecessary and can have negative effects on the child's emotional well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitoring electrolyte levels. In the management of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, it is crucial to monitor electrolyte levels to prevent imbalances and related complications. Restricting physical activity (choice B) is not a typical aspect of care for this condition. Administering high doses of vitamin A (choice C) is not a standard treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia and can be harmful in excess. Providing a high-protein diet (choice D) may be beneficial for some conditions but is not a specific requirement for managing congenital adrenal hyperplasia.