HESI LPN
Pharmacology HESI 2023 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
In the emergency department, a child is admitted for accidental ingestion of a poison. The practical nurse (PN) should know that inducing vomiting is recommended for which child?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) A 16-month-old who ingested 2 ounces of acetaminophen elixir because acetaminophen poisoning can be life-threatening and inducing vomiting can help remove the toxic substance from the child's system if done within a short period after ingestion. Acetaminophen can cause liver damage, especially in young children, and prompt action is crucial. Option A) An 8-month-old who ingested four to six ibuprofen tablets: Inducing vomiting is not recommended for ibuprofen ingestion as it can lead to further damage to the gastrointestinal tract. Option B) A 3-year-old who drank an unknown amount of charcoal lighter fluid: Inducing vomiting in cases of petroleum-based product ingestion can lead to aspiration of the toxic substance into the lungs, causing serious complications. Option D) A 2-year-old who ate a handful of automatic dishwasher detergent: Inducing vomiting in cases of detergent ingestion is generally not recommended as it can cause further damage to the esophagus due to the corrosive nature of the detergent. In an educational context, it is important for practical nurses to be aware of the appropriate interventions for different types of poison ingestions to provide timely and effective care to pediatric patients. Understanding the risks and benefits of inducing vomiting in cases of poisoning is crucial in ensuring the best possible outcomes for the child.
Question 2 of 5
A client diagnosed with a herniated disc is prescribed hydrocodone/acetaminophen 10 mg/300 mg prn every 4 to 6 hours. As the practical nurse (PN) enters the client's room to administer the requested medication, the client is seen talking and laughing with visiting family. What action should the PN take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the PN in this situation is to administer the analgesia as requested by the client. Pain management is based on the client's self-report of pain, which is the most reliable indicator of pain intensity. Analgesics should be given promptly when pain occurs and before it worsens. Following the administration of medication, the PN should discuss the situation with the charge nurse for further guidance or assessment.
Question 3 of 5
Escitalopram is prescribed for a 16-year-old adolescent client who is clinically depressed. Five days later, the parent tells the practical nurse (PN) that the drug is not working because their child is not feeling any better. Which explanation should the PN provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antidepressant medications typically require 1 to 4 weeks to reach their full therapeutic effect. It is crucial to educate the family that during the initial week of treatment, the child may experience heightened anxiety. Therefore, it is important to wait for the medication to take its full course before assessing its effectiveness.
Question 4 of 5
What information should the practical nurse provide to a female client who started taking an oral sulfonamide for a urinary tract infection the previous day and reports slight anorexia, while also experiencing urinary frequency?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The practical nurse should advise the client to take sulfonamides with a full glass of water to help prevent crystalluria. It is essential to take the medication on an empty stomach, ideally 1 hour before eating or 2 hours after eating to maximize its absorption and effectiveness. Continuing to drink cranberry juice is beneficial, but it is important to take the medicine separately to enhance its therapeutic action.
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with a sinus infection is prescribed ampicillin sodium. The practical nurse (PN) should instruct the client to notify the healthcare provider immediately if which symptom occurs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A - Rash. Rash is the most common adverse side effect of all generations of penicillin, indicating an allergy to the medication. An allergic reaction could lead to anaphylactic shock, a severe and potentially life-threatening emergency. It is crucial for the client to inform the healthcare provider promptly if a rash develops after taking ampicillin sodium.