HESI LPN
Pharmacology HESI 2023 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
An older adult with iron deficiency anemia is being discharged with iron supplements, which information should the nurse include in the discharge?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to wait 2 hours after meals before taking the iron tablet. This is important to ensure better absorption and efficacy of the iron supplement. Taking the tablet with a daily multivitamin (Choice A) may interfere with iron absorption due to interactions with other minerals. Crushing the tablet and mixing it with pudding (Choice B) can alter the effectiveness of the medication. While bedtime (Choice C) may be convenient, waiting after meals is crucial for optimal iron absorption.
Question 2 of 5
What action should be taken six days after starting a prescription for oral amoxicillin solution?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pharmacology, it is crucial to monitor the patient's response to medication to ensure safety and effectiveness. In this scenario, the correct action to take six days after starting a prescription for oral amoxicillin solution is to determine if any other symptoms have developed (Option A). This is because amoxicillin is an antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections, and monitoring for the development of new symptoms can help assess the medication's efficacy and potential side effects. Option B, advising the use of over-the-counter antipyretics, is incorrect because it does not address the specific need to assess the patient's response to the amoxicillin treatment. Option C, instructing the client to increase oral fluid intake, is also not the most appropriate action at this stage, as it does not directly relate to monitoring the medication's effectiveness. Option D, asking if the medication has been kept refrigerated, is irrelevant to the patient's response to the treatment. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of ongoing assessment and monitoring of patients receiving medication therapy. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to be vigilant in evaluating treatment outcomes and recognizing any potential adverse effects to ensure optimal patient care. Monitoring for new symptoms can guide clinical decision-making and help prevent complications associated with medication therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A client who is obtunded arrives in the emergency center with a suspected drug overdose. Intravenous naloxone is given, but within a short period, the client's level of consciousness deteriorates. What action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Administering an additional dose of naloxone should be the first action taken by the nurse in this scenario. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose. If the client's level of consciousness deteriorates after the initial dose, administering another dose can help further reverse the overdose effects and improve the client's condition. Once the additional naloxone dose is given, the nurse can then proceed to assess the client's response and consider other interventions as needed.
Question 4 of 5
In the emergency department, a child is admitted for accidental ingestion of a poison. The practical nurse (PN) should know that inducing vomiting is recommended for which child?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) A 16-month-old who ingested 2 ounces of acetaminophen elixir because acetaminophen poisoning can be life-threatening and inducing vomiting can help remove the toxic substance from the child's system if done within a short period after ingestion. Acetaminophen can cause liver damage, especially in young children, and prompt action is crucial. Option A) An 8-month-old who ingested four to six ibuprofen tablets: Inducing vomiting is not recommended for ibuprofen ingestion as it can lead to further damage to the gastrointestinal tract. Option B) A 3-year-old who drank an unknown amount of charcoal lighter fluid: Inducing vomiting in cases of petroleum-based product ingestion can lead to aspiration of the toxic substance into the lungs, causing serious complications. Option D) A 2-year-old who ate a handful of automatic dishwasher detergent: Inducing vomiting in cases of detergent ingestion is generally not recommended as it can cause further damage to the esophagus due to the corrosive nature of the detergent. In an educational context, it is important for practical nurses to be aware of the appropriate interventions for different types of poison ingestions to provide timely and effective care to pediatric patients. Understanding the risks and benefits of inducing vomiting in cases of poisoning is crucial in ensuring the best possible outcomes for the child.
Question 5 of 5
A practical nurse (PN) is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of furosemide to a client. Which laboratory value is most important for the PN to review before administering the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the importance of monitoring electrolyte levels when administering certain medications is crucial for safe patient care. In the case of furosemide, a loop diuretic, the most important laboratory value for a practical nurse (PN) to review before administration is the serum potassium level (Option B). Furosemide is known to cause potassium depletion (hypokalemia) as it increases the excretion of potassium in the urine. Hypokalemia can lead to serious cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness. Therefore, monitoring the serum potassium level is essential to prevent potential adverse effects and to determine if potassium supplementation is needed before administering furosemide. The other options, serum calcium level (Option A), serum sodium level (Option C), and serum magnesium level (Option D), are important electrolytes to monitor in certain situations but are not specifically associated with furosemide administration. Understanding the specific drug interactions and side effects of medications like furosemide is vital for healthcare providers to ensure patient safety and optimize therapeutic outcomes.