Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Urticaria is a type I hypersensitivity reaction, not type IV. When triggered, histamine release leads to vasodilation, causing characteristic wheals. Wheals are typically followed by erythema. The rash in urticaria is pruritic and does blanch with pressure, unlike the nonpruritic rash described in choice D. Therefore, the most appropriate description of urticaria includes histamine release and vasodilation, as stated in choice B.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The priority nursing diagnosis for a newborn with Down syndrome is often related to feeding difficulties due to hypotonia, making imbalanced nutrition the primary concern. Hypotonia, or poor muscle tone, can lead to challenges with feeding and, subsequently, affect the baby's nutritional intake. While choices B, C, and D may also be concerns for a child with Down syndrome, addressing the immediate need for adequate nutrition takes precedence to ensure the infant's well-being and growth.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The priority nursing intervention for a child with cystic fibrosis is administering pancreatic enzymes. This is crucial for managing the condition as it helps in proper digestion of nutrients. Providing respiratory therapy and encouraging physical activity are important aspects of care for cystic fibrosis, but administering pancreatic enzymes takes precedence due to its direct impact on the child's ability to digest and absorb essential nutrients. Encouraging frequent handwashing is a good practice for infection control but is not the priority intervention in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The priority nursing intervention when caring for a child with cystic fibrosis is administering pancreatic enzymes. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the digestive and respiratory systems. Administering pancreatic enzymes is crucial in aiding digestion as patients with cystic fibrosis often have pancreatic insufficiency. While providing respiratory therapy and encouraging physical activity are important aspects of care for individuals with cystic fibrosis, administering pancreatic enzymes takes precedence in addressing the malabsorption issues associated with the condition. Encouraging frequent handwashing is also essential in infection control, but it is not the priority intervention specifically related to managing cystic fibrosis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Discussing any other observed behaviors with the parent is important to identify patterns or potential issues that could be affecting the infant's well-being. By exploring additional behaviors, the nurse can gather more information to assess the infant comprehensively. This approach allows for a more holistic understanding of the infant's health status, rather than focusing solely on the observed behavior of screaming and apparent pain. Options A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the need to explore other behaviors that may provide insights into the infant's condition and well-being.